LCCC ENGLISH DAILY NEWS BULLETIN

December 02/16

Compiled & Prepared by: Elias Bejjani

 

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Bible Quotations For Today
But many who are first will be last, and the last will be first
Holy Gospel of Jesus Christ according to Saint Mark 10/28-31/:”Peter began to say to Jesus, ‘Look, we have left everything and followed
you.’Jesus said, ‘Truly I tell you, there is no one who has left house or brothers or sisters or mother or father or children or fields, for my sake and for the sake of the good news, who will not receive a hundredfold now in this age houses, brothers and sisters, mothers and children, and fields, with persecutions and in the age to come eternal life.

To everyone who conquers I will give some of the hidden manna, and I will give a white stone

Book of Revelation 02/12-17/:”‘To the angel of the church in Pergamum write: These are the words of him who has the sharp two-edged sword: ‘I know where you are living, where Satan’s throne is. Yet you are holding fast to my name, and you did not deny your faith in me even in the days of Antipas my witness, my faithful one, who was killed among you, where Satan lives. But I have a few things against you: you have some there who hold to the teaching of Balaam, who taught Balak to put a stumbling-block before the people of Israel, so that they would eat food sacrificed to idols and practise fornication. So you also have some who hold to the teaching of the Nicolaitans. Repent then. If not, I will come to you soon and make war against them with the sword of my mouth. Let anyone who has an ear listen to what the Spirit is saying to the churches. To everyone who conquers I will give some of the hidden manna, and I will give a white stone, and on the white stone is written a new name that no one knows except the one who receives it.”
  

Titles For Latest LCCC Bulletin analysis & editorials from miscellaneous sources published on December 01-02/16
Iran’s uproar/Mshari Al Thaydi/Al Arabiya/December 01/16
The Israeli-Palestinian Impasse After Trump/How Netanyahu needs to emulate Trump in Israel./Mordechai Nisan/Frontpage/November 25, 2016
Germany Submits to Sharia Law/"A parallel justice system has established itself in Germany"/ Soeren Kern/Gatestone Institute//December 01/16
Keith Ellison - The Wrong Man at the Wrong Time/Alan M. Dershowitz/Gatestone Institute/ /December 01/16
France: Islamists Target Transportation Companies/Yves Mamou/Gatestone Institute /December 01/16
Syria in Crisis A Turning Point in Aleppo/Aron Lund/Carnegie/ /December 01/16
Is Israel being pulled into Syrian war/Ben Caspit/Al Monitor/December 01/16
The KGB’s Middle East Files: The fight against Zionism and world Jewry/ Ronen Bergman/Ynetnews/Published: 01.12.16

Titles For Latest Lebanese Related News published on on December 01-02/16
Lebanon: Government Formation Gets More Complicated
Jumblat: New Government Still in 'Quarantine'
Report: Imposing De-Facto Cabinet Faces No-Confidence Vote
Report: LF, Democratic Gathering Finish Deliberations over Shares in Cabinet
3.3 Earthquake Felt across Eastern Tyre
Lebanese Judge Orders Resumption of al-Manar Broadcast via Arabsat
Australia PM Rejects Linking Lebanese Migration with Terrorism
Raad: National Consensus Cabinet Should be Formed, No Need For Further Delay
ISF Member Shot Dead in Choueifat
Argentina First Lady unveils Khalil Gebran statue in Buenos Aires
Jawish Oglu, Steinmeier in Lebanon to congratulate Aoun, meet officials
Qabalan receives Ambassador of Czech Republic
Araiji represents Salam at opening of 60th Arab Book Fair
Sami Gemayel, Egyptian Ambassador dwell on current juncture
Southerners sense quake, no damages reported
Fathali upon Iranian Embassy's blast commemoration: Terrorism will not trounce our determination
Harb opens eAge2016 Conference at AUB

Titles For Latest LCCC Bulletin For Miscellaneous Reports And News published on on December 01-02/16
UN: ‘No red lines left to cross in Syria’
Russia: No aim at stopping Aleppo air strikes
Lavrov Denies Russia, Syria Role in Turkish Deaths
Russia Proposes Four Humanitarian Corridors for East Aleppo
UN, Iranians: the nuclear deal has increased human rights violations in Iran
Report: Iranian arms sent to Yemen via Somalia
WSJ editorial: Focus on Iran’s 1988 massacre
Turning Blind Eye to the Crimes of the Iranian Regime Militants in Iraq
Nowhere on the Planet 'Land Looting' Is as Prevalent as in Iran
Francois Hollande will not seek re-election as president of France
Human Rights Groups Condemn Persecution Of Iranian Christians
Iraqi Christian Family's Search For Three-Year-Old Daughter Taken By ISIS
Aleppo: As fighting rages, everything must be done to protect civilians
Saudi Rights Activist Jail Term Hiked to '11 Years'
Heavy Rain Piles Misery on Mosul Displaced
U.N. Envoy Meets Yemen's Hadi in New Peace Bid
Nearly 2,000 Members of Iraqi Forces Killed in November, Says U.N.
Abbas is Israel's Top 'Ideological' Foe, Says Netanyahu Ally

Links From Jihad Watch Site for on December 01-02/16
Gitmo prisoner reveals: Saudi “deradicalization program” is really a jihad training program
Saudi woman goes outside without hijab, receives multiple death threats
Congress unanimously passes new Iran sanctions, ignoring Obama administration threats
Rep. Peter King: “Real problem with the Somali community as far as having a large number of Al-Shabaab supporters”
Robert Spencer in PJ Media: Who Will Blink First: Iran, or Trump?
OSU’s crackdown on “Islamophobia” proves ineffective in stopping Muslim migrant’s jihad attack
San Bernardino police chief: Jihad murderers motivated by Christmas decorations at party
Pakistan: Muslim murders his teenage daughter and her male cousin in Islamic honor killing
Iranian vessel points weapon at U.S. helicopter
CIA’s Brennan says tearing up the Iran deal would be “height of folly”
Vatican buses promote trips to Jerusalem, “Palestine”

Links From Christian Today Site for on December 01-02/16
Ancient Lead Tablets Said To Contain Portrait Of Jesus Could Be Genuine, Say Scientists
Iraqi Christian Family's Search For Three-Year-Old Daughter Taken By ISIS
Wayne Grudem Has Changed His Mind On The Trinity - Just Not Enough, Say Critics
Growing Number Of Muslim Children Being Sent To Catholic Schools
300,000 Mosul Children At Serious Risk After Water Supply Cut Off
Pope Francis Pleads For An End To The Scandal Of Child Soldiering
Christian Cemetery Vandalised In Israel
Theresa May: Christians Are Free To Speak About Their Faith
Off With Their Hats: Cardinals Who Queried Pope's Teaching Could Be Demoted
Should Doctors Be Allowed To Euthanise An Alcoholic?
New Photos Reveal Shocking Horrors Of Life In North Korea's Brutal Prison Camps
Syria's Children Are 'Trapped In A Living Nightmare' Says Aid Head
Human Rights Groups Condemn Persecution Of Iranian Christians

Latest Lebanese Related News published on December 01/16
Lebanon: Government Formation Gets More Complicated
Youssef Diab/Asharq Al Awsat/December 01/Beirut – Several obstacles are still hampering the formation of a new Lebanese Cabinet, in the wake of difficult conditions set by the major political forces, which are battling over “sovereign portfolios” and other key ministries. Parliamentary and political sources said that obstacles preventing Prime Minister-designate Saad Hariri from forming the government had regional dimensions, as some regional forces were trying to exhaust the influence of President Michel Aoun in the early phase of his tenure. Meanwhile, Speaker Nabih Berri stressed the need to speed up Cabinet formation, adding that he has offered all facilitations to help the premier-designate assume his mission. “The problem is not with me; it is somewhere else,” Berri said on Wednesday during his weekly meeting with lawmakers. The Lebanese speaker has been insisting on keeping the ministries of public works and finance for his bloc, while the major obstacle lies in the share of MP Suleiman Franjieh, who said he would not participate in the government unless he receives a key ministry, such as the public works, energy or telecommunications. However, Franjieh’s demands are being rejected by the two major Christian blocs represented by Aoun’s Free Patriotic Movement and the Lebanese Forces. Liberation and Development Bloc MP Ayoub Hemayed said that Berri was seeking to remove all obstacles hindering the new government’s formation.  Hemayed told Asharq Al-Awsat newspaper that once the FPM decides to give the culture ministry to Franjieh, Berri’s bloc would propose to exchange the public works ministry with the ministry of culture to meet Franjieh’s demands. “It is clear that the FPM is only committed to the Lebanese Forces’ demands, while it is trying to throw the ball in others’ court,” he stated. For his part, FPM MP Hikmat Deeb said that the public works ministry was the major obstacle to the government’s formation. He stressed that Berri was insisting on keeping the ministry for his bloc. Future Bloc MP Ammar Houri said that current obstacles had both internal and regional dimensions.
 
Jumblat: New Government Still in 'Quarantine'
 Naharnet/December 01/16/Progressive Socialist party leader MP Walid Jumblat made a sarcastic comment on Thursday about the delayed efforts to form a new cabinet, following the election of a president and the designation of a PM, saying that the new government is still insulated. “It seems that the virtual government is still in the quarantine,” said Jumblat via Twitter. Since his designation on October 3 to line-up a cabinet, Prime Minister-designate Saad Hariri is still facing obstacles to complete his mission and bring together a line-up that balances Lebanon's delicate sectarian-based political system. At stake is the distribution of the most powerful portfolios like the defense ministry and other key portfolios including the public works.
 
Report: Imposing De-Facto Cabinet Faces No-Confidence Vote
Naharnet/December 01/16/In line with the efforts to form a cabinet 28 days after the designation of Prime Minister-designate Saad Hariri, reports published in al-Rai daily on Thursday said that the parliament may not give its vote of confidence shall a de-facto cabinet be formed. “Choosing to form a de-facto cabinet might, in the worst case, make it face a no-confidence vote of the parliament,” unnamed sources told the daily on condition of anonymity. On Wednesday, reports said that President Michel Aoun is not pleased with the stalled efforts to form a new government one month after his election and is mulling the formation of a “realistic” cabinet shall the process witness further stalemates. They added that the President will not accept the repetition of bitter experiences that lingered during the previous term of President Michel Suleiman when the formation process took months to complete, and is therefore mulling the formation of a "realistic cabinet not a de-facto cabinet" as one of the options. Wrangling between political parties over the distribution of ministerial portfolios have stalled the efforts of Prime Minister-designate Saad Hariri to line-up a new cabinet. Last month, the parliament elected Aoun, a former general, as president ending a two-and-half-year deadlock that left Lebanon without a president. Hariri is still facing obstacles bringing together a line-up that balances Lebanon's delicate sectarian-based political system. At stake is the distribution of the most powerful portfolios like the defense ministry and other key portfolios including the public works. The political parties are also bickering over amending the current majoritarian or winner-takes-all election law which divides seats among the different religious sects. The current parliament has failed to amend the law, and has extended its mandate twice amid criticism. New elections are scheduled for May 2017.
 
Report: LF, Democratic Gathering Finish Deliberations over Shares in Cabinet
Naharnet/December 01/16/The endeavors to line-up a cabinet are focusing now on the share that will be allotted to the Marada Movement after an agreement was reached with regard to the portfolios that will be given to the Lebanese Forces and the Democratic Gathering bloc, media reports said. The efforts exerted to overcome the obstacles are focusing now on the portfolio that will be assigned to the Marada which will probably be the health ministry. Sources said that the only two parties which fulfilled the requirements and are out of the discussions now are the LF and the Democratic Gathering, An Nahar daily reported Thursday. The daily dubbed as “baseless” reports claiming that a conflict over the public works ministry lingers between the AMAL movement and the LF. As there is an agreement between Prime Minister-designate Saad Hariri and Speaker Nabih Berri to compensate for the Lebanese Forces and assign them with four portfolios --public works, social affairs, media and the Deputy PM post-- instead of a sovereign portfolio. Head of the LF Samir Geagea has provided Hariri with the names to be assigned for the LF ministerial shares and so did MP Walid Jumblat for the shares allotted for the Democratic Gathering. In October, the parliament elected Aoun, a former general, as president ending a two-and-half-year deadlock that left Lebanon without a president. However, Hariri is still facing obstacles bringing together a line-up that balances Lebanon's delicate sectarian-based political system. At stake is the distribution of the most powerful portfolios like the defense ministry and other key portfolios including the public works.
 
3.3 Earthquake Felt across Eastern Tyre

Naharnet/December 01/16/A minor 3.3-magnitude earthquake was felt Thursday across the eastern Tyre region in south Lebanon, state-run National News Agency reported. No casualties or damage were reported, the agency added. On June 29, a 4.0-magnitude earthquake was felt across several Lebanese regions, mainly Mount Lebanon and Beirut. The epicenter was the Chouf-Deir al-Qamar area in Mount Lebanon. According to the state-run Bhannes National Center for Geophysical Research, over 600 earthquakes with magnitudes below 3 degrees hit Lebanon each year. In 1956, a 6 degrees on the Richter scale earthquake struck Lebanon, killing 136 people and destroying 6,000 houses.
 
 Lebanese Judge Orders Resumption of al-Manar Broadcast via Arabsat
 Naharnet/December 01/16/Urgent Matters Judge of Baabda Hassan Hamdan issued Thursday a ruling ordering the resumption of al-Manar TV's broadcast via the Arabsat satellites, after the broadcast was cut off by the company operating the satellites in December 2015.
 “The Lebanese code of civil procedure allows the judge of urgent matters to look into any lawsuit resulting from conflicts that occur in his district,” the text of Hamdan's ruling says. “This ruling will be provisional pending the exhaustion of the arbitration procedures mentioned in the contract's terms, specifically Article 15,” the ruling adds. The judge also described his ruling as “urgent,” calling for resuming the channel's broadcast as soon as possible. The Arab League-affiliated Arab Satellite Communications Organization blocked al-Manar's broadcast last year after the company's offices were moved from Lebanon to Jordan, the Hizbullah-owned TV network announced announced at the time. The Arab Satellite Communications Organization, often abbreviated as Arabsat, is an Arab League-affiliated satellite operator headquartered in the city of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The foundation of the Arab Satellite Communications Organization dates back to the end of the 1960s. On April 14, 1976, Arabsat was formed under Arab League jurisdiction. Saudi Arabia was the main financier of the new organization due to its expanded financial resources as a result of the oil-boom period and Riyadh housed Arabsat's headquarters. All Arab League states except for Comoros are shareholders of Arabsat. Lebanon has 3.8% of the shares whereas Saudi Arabia holds 36.7%.
 
Australia PM Rejects Linking Lebanese Migration with Terrorism

 Naharnet/December 01/16/Australian Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull has denied that Immigration Minister Peter Dutton had recently linked Lebanese migration to terrorism. In an interview with Australia's SBS television, Turnbull said Dutton was "misrepresented, recklessly so" over his comments that appeared to link Lebanese migration in the 1970s with concerns around planned terrorist activity today. In remarks on November 21, Dutton said: "The advice I have is that out of the last 33 people who have been charged with terrorist-related offenses in this country, 22 of those people are from second and third generation Lebanese-Muslim background."Turnbull spoke to SBS about multiculturalism to clarify his stance. "The real issue is what are we doing today, and what are we doing today is ensuring that we maintain the most successful multicultural society in the world," he said. "And we do that by having a generous immigration program, but one that is very well managed and the humanitarian component of it, the refugee program, again is very well managed," he added.
 
Raad: National Consensus Cabinet Should be Formed, No Need For Further Delay

Naharnet/December 01/16/Hizbullah MP Mohammed Raad stressed the need to form a national consensus cabinet and added that the party sees no need for further delay in the cabinet formation, the National News Agency reported Thursday. “This tenure must provide the needed opportunity to build a real State in Lebanon to carry out its duties. The cabinet to be formed should be a national consensus government that draws all political parties in the country together. We see no need for further delay,” said Raad speaking at a medical conference at the Coral Beach Hotel in al-Jnah. “Some obstacles can be overcome,” said Raad “we only need some efforts and understanding. We hope that the cabinet is formed soon,” he added. On the electoral law to be adopted for the upcoming parliamentary polls, Raad reiterated the party's insistence for an electoral law based on proportional representation.
 
ISF Member Shot Dead in Choueifat

Naharnet/December 01/16/An Internal Security Forces member was deadly shot in the Choueifat area southeast of Beirut, the state-run National News Agency reported Thursday. Unknown assailants opened gunfire from a hunting rifle at on duty ISF member Mohammed al-Arab killing him instantly, NNA said. The victim sustained the fatal injury in his head. In another incident, gunmen opened fire at Syrian national, Maher Tfaylieh, in the northeastern town of Arsal.  He was taken to a nearby hospital in Jib Jenin for treatment. No further details were provided on the two incidents.

Argentina First Lady unveils Khalil Gebran statue in Buenos Aires
Thu 01 Dec 2016/NNA - First Lady of Argentina, Juliana Awada, chaired a ceremony to unveil a statue depicting renowned author Gebran Khalil Gebran in Buenos Aires, a statement by the Lebanese Embassy in Argentina indicated on Thursday.
 Following the ceremony, Awada visited the Lebanese Embassy, where she heaped praise on the energy of the Lebanese Diaspora in Argentina. She also revealed her intention to visit Lebanon.
 
 Jawish Oglu, Steinmeier in Lebanon to congratulate Aoun, meet officials
 Thu 01 Dec 2016/NNA - Turkish Foreign Minister Mouloud Jawish Ihsanoglu, arrived in Beirut on Thursday, coming from Turkey, accompanied by a delegation, to pay a two-day private visit to Lebanon during which he will offer congratulations to President of the Republic, Michel Aoun, for his election. Oglu will also meet Prime Parliament Speaker, Nabih Berri, outgoing Prime Minister, Tammam Salam, premier-designate, Saad Hariri, and Minister of Foreign Affairs and Expatriates, Gebran Bassil, o discuss the current developments in Lebanon and the region. On the other hand, arriving to Lebanon at dawn will be German Foreign Minister Frank-Walter Steinmeier, on a one-day, where he will meet Lebanese officials, and look into bilateral relations between the two countries.
 
Qabalan receives Ambassador of Czech Republic

Thu 01 Dec 2016/NNA - Vice President of the Islamic Shiite Supreme Council, Sheikh Abdul Amir Qabalan received on Thursday the Ambassador of the Czech Republic to Lebanon, Michaela Vancova, with whom he reviewed the relations between Lebanon and the Czech Republic and ways of enhancing them. The pair also discussed the general situation in Lebanon and the region. Qabalan stressed that "Lebanon shows openness and cooperation vis-a-vis all countries, except the Zionist entity. (...) Lebanon is the cradle of civilization and the country of coexistence between religions.""Israel is the source of evil in the region (...) and the international community must curb its aggression and arrogance," he concluded.
 
Araiji represents Salam at opening of 60th Arab Book Fair
 Thu 01 Dec 2016/NNA - The Arab Cultural Club inaugurated, in cooperation with the Lebanese Publishers Association, the 60th Arab-International Book Fair in Beirut, held at Biel. The opening ceremony was held in the presence of Minister of Culture Raymind Araiji, representing outgoing Prime Minister Tammam Salam, former Premier Fouad Siniora representing Prime Minister-designate Saad Hariri as well as ranking dignitaries and officials.
 
Sami Gemayel, Egyptian Ambassador dwell on current juncture

Thu 01 Dec 2016/NNA - Kataeb party chief, MP Sami Gemayel, met on Thursday with Egyptian Ambassador to Lebanon, Nazih al-Najjari, over the current political situation in the country and the broader Arab region. "It is very important, at this moment when Lebanon is through labor as to the government formation and the new tenure, to meet with all the political forces on the Lebanese scene, and to carry on contacts with Kataeb and all the political parties, in order to help Lebanon restore stability that allows Lebanon to remain dissociated and protected from regional unrest," the diplomat said following the meeting.
 
Southerners sense quake, no damages reported
Thu 01 Dec 2016/NNA - Locals of the eastern side of Tyre in south the country said today that they sensed an earthquake around 5:00 pm, but no damages were noticed, National News Agency correspondent reported on Thursday.
 
Fathali upon Iranian Embassy's blast commemoration: Terrorism will not trounce our determination
Thu 01 Dec 2016/NNA - The Iranian Embassy in Beirut commemorated on Thursday the third anniversary of the explosion that had targeted it and made a number of martyrs, in presence of a panel of officials and high-ranking dignitaries. In his word, Iranian Ambassador to Lebanon Mohammad Fathali maintained that the Islamic Republic only became stronger and more supportive for the downtrodden people of the region.
 "The Islamic Republic of Iran is proud that all the sacrifices it has made and the suffering it has endured were due to its standing by the axis of the Resistance," he said.
 "The culprit is known; it is no surprise that a regime with stale ideas carries out such a terrorist act; [this regime] has already put its money at the service of terrorism and created horrendous circumstances to the people of Syria, Yemen, Iraq, Bahrain, and elsewhere," he added. "Terrorism and its international sponsors with their regional tools will not trounce the determination of the Islamic Republic of Iran and its wise leadership to support and stand by the downtrodden people in the world, as well as by the resistance of both the Lebanese and Palestinian people," he stressed. "We, in the Islamic Republic of Iran, believe that unity is the secret of victory," Fathali concluded.
 
 Harb opens eAge2016 Conference at AUB
 Thu 01 Dec 2016/NNA - Caretaker Telecom Minister, Boutros Harb, on Thursday opened the eAge2016 Conference at AUB, whereupon he gave a speech saying that Lebanon can play a principle role in the economy of knowledge in the world. The following is Minister Harb's speech:
 Excellencies Ladies and Gentlemen,
 We meet today in Beirut in this prestigious institution that is celebrating this year its 150th anniversary. The American University of Beirut has marked Lebanon and the region with distinguished graduates that hold leadership positions across Lebanon, the Arab countries, and around the globe.
 We meet today in Lebanon after we have succeeded to elect a new president for the country, putting an end to a presidential vacuum that has lasted over two and a half years, and has subsequently paralyzed the parliament and crippled the government's work during that period, and disrupted the entire Lebanese political system.
 The election of a new president marks the start of a new phase that should be complemented with a quick formation of a new cabinet. We call upon President Michel Aoun and Prime Minister-designate Saad Hariri to act according to the terms of the constitution and form a new cabinet in the shortest time possible to put an end to the extended political crisis in the country. The new Government will have a determined major mission: To work closely with the parliament to draft a new urgently-needed electoral law to replace the outdated voting system of the 1960s. Any further delay in the formation of the Government would imperils the electoral law and the parliamentary elections next spring.
 Ladies and gentlemen,
 I am pleased to celebrate with you the opening of your three conferences, eAge, AROQA, and OSSCOM, in our beloved city, Beirut. Your choice of the city to hold your conferences is not arbitrary. This comes along with the Ministry of Telecommunications vision to reposition Lebanon as a leader in telecommunications in the Arab region.
 We have developed last year our telecom vision 2020; the Ministry's strategic long-term national plan that addresses the shortcomings of the telecom sector in Lebanon and aims to set the right framework for future developments.
 This challenging project requires ample time and a consistent stable political environment to see the changes through. While the five-year timeline of the project is considered a risky challenge given the enormity of the task, good results started to emerge about the timely progress of the plan, confirming the Ministry's dedication to the project's speedy implementation.
 The telecom vision 2020 aims at improving the telecommunications infrastructure by offering optical fiber services and nation-wide wireless 4G coverage.
 In the fixed network, the plan has a strategic objective aimed at transitioning from copper wire technologies to fiber optics, connecting homes, institutions, office buildings, and neighborhoods with the "FTTX" technology, which has become standard in developed countries. Several large-scale pilot projects have been already launched, and nation-wide deployment of FTTX is expected to offer connectivity to up to 85% of citizens by end of the year 2017, and the whole country by the end of the year 2020.
 In the mobile sector, the plan adopted a project to deliver 4G and 4G advanced services to all citizens. The implementation is expected to be completed by end of 2016, and is already covering over 90% of inhabited Lebanese territory.
 This plan has significantly narrowed the telecommunications gap between Lebanon and that of technologically and economically more developed countries.
 To date, and as confirmed by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU), the policies implemented by the Ministry of Telecommunications since 2014 have resulted in substantial and tangible improvements affecting Lebanon's network of fixed landlines, mobile coverage and reliability, as well as Internet speed and penetration.
 Lebanon was acknowledged to be among the first three most dynamic countries in terms of the ICT development index; an achievement that was reported by the World Economic Forum, which categorized Lebanon as the second biggest mover in the year 2015 on the Network Readiness Index (NRI).
 The policies adopted by the Ministry of Telecommunications have also been reflected in the Ministry's balance sheet increasing its revenues while reducing the price of telecom services by up to 70%.
 In parallel with infrastructure development, the Ministry initiated a project in partnership with the World Bank to strengthen innovation and entrepreneurship in the Lebanese mobile Internet ecosystem. The project aimed at enhancing the mobile internet enabling environment and development of skills and attraction of talent. It is our conviction that Lebanon, through its youths and entrepreneurs can play a major role in the world's knowledge-based economy. It was unfortunate, however, that the project was cancelled by the World Bank due to parliament's inability to ratify the loan in a timely manner. The ministry is now working on updating and reviving the project, and should announce it again soon.
 The Ministry of Telecommunications strongly supports your efforts to empower the Lebanese institutions of higher education by providing the necessary infrastructure to connect them through a national fast network, and internationally to the world's best institutions. As a former Minister of education, I feel the obligation to provide all the necessary support to keep the standard of research and education in Lebanon at the highest level possible. In this regard, I take this opportunity to announce the Ministry's full support to the LERN initiative, the "Lebanese Education and Research Network", and would be willing to take all the necessary measures to see our universities connected among each other, and to the rest of the world with a state-of-the-art data network.
 As a law maker and member of the parliament, I also have an obligation to propose new laws and legislations that stimulates cooperation among universities and facilitates the establishment of a fast fiber network for the research and education communities in Lebanon at a reasonable and affordable cost, and providing its benefits at no cost to students and researchers, with the ultimate goal of bringing the quality of education to the highest international standard.
 Ladies and gentlemen,
 We live in an "eAge". We live in an era where information and communication technology is no longer a "nice-to-have" commodity, but a basic necessity to foster economic development, improve levels of research, education and training. ICT infrastructure development is seen vital for entrepreneurship and small businesses that generate new ideas, new business models, and huge opportunities.
 I would like to wish you successful conferences and fruitful discussions. I am confident that the outcome of your meetings would be of great value and impact on the future of our youths and our economies, and I would be eager to receive the recommendations that will come out at the end of the meetings.
 Thank you. 

Latest LCCC Bulletin For Miscellaneous Reports And News published on on December 01-02/16
UN: ‘No red lines left to cross in Syria’
 Staff writer, Al Arabiya English Thursday, 1 December 2016/There are no “red lines left to cross in Syria,” the UN humanitarian chief said Wednesday, accusing parties to the Syrian conflict who have systematically disregarded the laws of war. Speaking via video-link from London, Stephen O’Brien told an emergency meeting of the Security Council that was nowhere more apparent than in the besieged city of eastern Aleppo with nearly a quarter of million people trapped inside. “There are no limits or red lines left to cross. The rules of war - sacrosanct notions borne out of generations of costly and painful lessons and set more than 150 year ago in the First Geneva Convention - have been systematically disregarded in Syria,” O’Brien said. O’Brien said some 25,000 people, most of them women and children, have been displaced from their homes since Saturday and that it is likely thousands more will flee in the coming days as Syrian forces step up their attack. He said there was no longer any properly functioning hospitals in eastern Aleppo, which has been under siege for nearly 150 days and that most of the people trapped inside don't have the means to survive much longer. He called on the Syrian government to allow the UN and its humanitarian partners unrestricted access to deliver food and medical aid. He also urged the Security Council for action.
 “For the sake of humanity we call on - we plead - with the parties and those with influence to do everything in their power to protect civilians and enable access to the besieged part of eastern Aleppo before it becomes one giant graveyard,” he said. Staffan de Mistura told the council that over the last two weeks, government forces have recaptured almost 40 percent of the area in Aleppo previously held by opposition groups forcing thousands to flee. He said his office had received credible reports of opposition groups preventing civilians from fleeing areas under their control. Also, he expressed concern that many fleeing the city, who are perceived to have links to the opposition, were being detained by government forces.
 Six million children in need of aid
 There are about six million Syrian children “in need of humanitarian assistance,” UNICEF Regional Director Greet Cappelaere told the Security Council emergency meeting. “Over 2 million of these children are in hard-to-reach areas, which humanitarian agencies cannot access on a regular basis,” Cappelaere said. “Nearly half a million [children] live under siege, cut off from humanitarian aid and basic services.”She said that some of these children have been living under siege for two years. Cappelaere warned that “schools have come under relentless attack all over the country.” She described 2016 as “particularly devastating for education.”“Since the beginning of 2016, the UN has documented 84 attacks on schools across Syria, with at least 69 children losing their lives and many more injured,” she added. “Across the country, more than 7,000 schools can no longer be used because they are destroyed, damaged, sheltering displaced families or being used for military purposes.”Currently, there are 1.7 million children and adolescents in Syria, who are out of school. (With Associated Press)
 
 Russia: No aim at stopping Aleppo air strikes
 Staff writer, Al Arabiya English Thursday, 1 December 2016/Russia will continue its operations in eastern Aleppo and will rescue the Syrian city from terrorists, Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov said on Thursday during a visit to Turkey.
 Speaking at a joint press conference after a meeting with his Turkish counterpart Mevlut Cavusoglu in the Mediterranean town of Alanya, Lavrov said Russia would continue efforts to allow humanitarian aid into Aleppo, according to a Turkish translation of his comments. Cavusoglu said he and Lavrov had agreed on the need for a ceasefire in Aleppo and the rest of Syria, although he said Turkey's stance on Syrian President Bashar al-Assad was clear. Russia is a main backer of Assad, while Turkey supports the rebels fighting to oust him. The rebels have come under siege in eastern Aleppo after rapid advances by Syrian government forces, bringing them to the brink of a major defeat. Russia will continue its operations despite criticism over its involvement in the Syrian conflict. On Wednesday, US and Russia ambassadors to the UN exchanged barbs during an emergency session at the Security Council in New York on the worsening situation in Aleppo. US Ambassador to the United Nations Samantha Power has repeatedly denounced Russia for telling “outright lies” on Russian bombing of Aleppo.
 Russia - a key and strong ally to Syrian President Bashar Al-Assad’s regime – has boosted Damascus’s powers against rebels with its aerial bombardments. Russia’s UN envoy Vitaly Churkin, meanwhile, accused the United States and other Western powers of engaging in “cynical sanctimony.”Churkin rejected criticism against Russia especially after Britain’s ambassador, Matthew Rycroft, accused Moscow of supporting “a deliberate act of starvation and a deliberate withholding of medical care” in Aleppo.In October, Russia vetoed a resolution to stop the bombing in Aleppo.
 Churkin said Syria was targeting armed groups such as Jabhat Fateh al-Sham. “We vehemently condemn any attempts to protect terrorists including any political action on a humanitarian pretext which, sadly alas, UN humanitarian works have been dragged into,” Churkin said. Instead, he said that Russian soldiers have helped distribute food aid to displaced people who had fled eastern Aleppo to government areas, handing out packages stamped with the Russian flag and the slogan “Russia is with you” in Arabic.
 Stephen O’Brien, the UN under-secretary-general for humanitarian affairs, on Wednesday pleaded with the Security Council to help break the siege of Aleppo, warning that residents of the Syrian city were at risk of extermination. “For the sake of humanity we call on -- we plead -- with the parties and those with influence to do everything in their power to protect civilians and enable access to the besieged part of eastern Aleppo before it becomes one giant graveyard,” he said.

Lavrov Denies Russia, Syria Role in Turkish Deaths
Naharnet/Agence France Presse/December 01/16/Moscow and Damascus were not behind an air strike in Syria last week that killed four Turkish soldiers, Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov said on Thursday, refuting Turkish claims. "Neither Russia nor Syria, its air force, had anything to do with this," Lavrov told a news conference in the southern Turkish resort of Alanya, alongside his Turkish counterpart Mevlut Cavusoglu. "Our (Russian and Turkish) representatives had discussed this issue right after the incident on various levels," he said. Turkey blamed Syria for the November 24 strike, which came on the first anniversary of the shooting down of a Russian military warplane by the Turkish air force. That incident sparked an unprecedented crisis in relations between Turkey and Russia, who remain on opposite sides of the Syrian conflict. Ankara is staging an unprecedented military operation in northern Syria to support rebels against Islamic State (IS) jihadists. With Turkey's help, opposition fighters have so far retaken Jarabulus, Al Rai and the symbolically important town of Dabiq from IS. Moscow has sided with Syrian President Bashar Assad, providing military support that the Western observers say is killing civilians, not just jihadists and the rebels. Russian President Vladimir Putin and Turkish counterpart Recep Tayyip Erdogan discussed Syria three times on the phone in the last week including the Turkish soldiers' deaths. Lavrov warned that coordination between Moscow and the U.S.-led coalition was key to improving the fight against terrorists. "We coordinate with the U.S.-led coalition, of which Turkey is a part, with the goal of avoiding unplanned incidents. So, through these channels, it would make sense to check who was flying and who was not flying."
 Humanitarian corridors in Aleppo
 Lavrov also defended Moscow's involvement in a massive Syrian bombing campaign to crush the last resistance by rebels in eastern Aleppo, which has forced thousands of civilians to flee. "We have helped the Syrian regime to thwart attempts by terrorists to block the exit of civilians from eastern Aleppo," Lavrov said in Alanya. Lavrov said Russia used any opportunity to help civilians despite what he said "threats from those called local council to prevent passage of humanitarian convoys and fire on them."The U.N. reported Thursday Russia proposed setting up four humanitarian corridors to eastern Aleppo to allow aid to enter and to evacuate the injured.
'Meetings with Syrian opposition'
Lavrov added now that "most of eastern Aleppo has been liberated", he did not understand why large-scale efforts to organize humanitarian convoys had not yet begun despite talks with the United Nations. Lavrov also confirmed "ongoing" meetings with the Syrian opposition "to convince them to become part of the solution" but declined to comment on its details. "We never evaded contact with all opposition groups," he stressed. For his part, Turkish Foreign Minister Mevlut Cavusoglu called for a "ceasefire" in Syria and for humanitarian aid to be sent to the country. He later added: "A political solution is the best solution."
 
Lavrov: Russia Wants Fresh Start with US under Trump
Naharnet/Agence France Presse/December 01/16/Russia Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov called Thursday for a fresh start in relations with the United States under Donald Trump and fired a parting shot at outgoing President Barack Obama. "We are confident that the new administration does not want to repeat the errors of the outgoing one, which deliberately destroyed US-Russian relations," Lavrov was quoted as saying in an interview with Italian daily Corriere della Sera. Trump's election victory and the positive noises he has made towards Moscow have been greeted with trepidation in Ukraine and former communist states that are now part of the US-led NATO alliance. During the campaign, Trump praised President Vladimir Putin and said he would seek to improve relations with Moscow while casting doubt on Washington's commitments to its NATO allies. Lavrov told Corriere: "Naturally we positively welcomed the willingness for cooperation between our two countries shown by Trump during the election campaign. "On our part we are always available for a honest, pragmatic dialogue with Washington on all bilateral and global questions..."He added: "We hope that the new president's fledgling foreign policy team will take concrete steps in this direction and that the cooperation will be constructive."Lavrov defended Russia's build-up of forces in areas close to ex-Soviet NATO states as a response to the Western allies "political-military pressure on our country" which had obliged Moscow to "take appropriate measures for our defence and national security."Lavrov was in Rome to attend a conference on Mediterranean security issues, during which he was due to meet with his US counterpart, John Kerry.
 
Russia Proposes Four Humanitarian Corridors for East Aleppo
Naharnet/Agence France Presse/December 01/16éRussia has proposed setting up four humanitarian corridors to battered eastern Aleppo to allow in aid as well as hundreds of desperately needed medical evacuations, the United Nation said Thursday. "The Russian Federation announced that... they want to sit down in Aleppo with our people there to discuss how we can use the four corridors to evacuate people out," Jan Egeland, head of the U.N.-backed humanitarian taskforce for Syria, told reporters in Geneva. "We have at least 400 wounded that need immediate medical evacuation," Egeland said, adding that there would also be discussions on using "these corridors to get medical supplies and food in."His comments came as hundreds of elite Syrian troops were moving into east Aleppo Thursday ahead of a push into the most densely populated areas, after the U.N. warned the city risked becoming a "giant graveyard." A government offensive to retake all of Aleppo has pounded the city in recent days, with the relentless barrage leaving Aleppo's streets strewn with the bodies of men, women and children, many lying next to the suitcases they had packed to escape. The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, a monitoring group, said Wednesday that more than 50,000 people have fled Aleppo's rebel-held districts to both government-held territory and Kurdish-controlled districts. Egeland, who put the exodus at at least 27,000, said the U.N. had access to all the people in both the government- and Kurdish-held areas, but still could not reach those in besieged parts of the east. Respected by all sides? Syria's main ally Russia has previously unilaterally declared the creation of evacuation passages from east Aleppo, but the U.N. was not involved and the routes, which came under rebel fire, went largely unused. Egeland acknowledged that previous attempts at setting up humanitarian corridors had not been successful due to "issues with both sides," but said "a humanitarian corridor can work if all the armed actors respect it." He said Russia has pledged to respect the corridors, and that "we (the U.N.) now feel confident that the armed opposition groups will do the same.""Now I think it has dawned upon all sides the urgency of the situation," he said. The U.N. peace envoy for Syria, Staffan de Mistura, told reporters that a humanitarian "pause" in the fighting remained U.N. priority. Egeland said access to the besieged areas of east Aleppo was essential, adding that the U.N. has enough food stored in western Aleppo to feed 150,000 people in the east, as well as medical supplies to cover all the needs there. As for western Aleppo, he said the main concern was providing adequate shelter for those flooding in from the east, who are joining some 400,000 displaced Syrians already in that part of the city. 

UN, Iranians: the nuclear deal has increased human rights violations in Iran
Thursday, 01 December 2016NCRI Iran News/In addition to last month’s report from the UN Secretary-General detailing the increase in human rights violations in Iran, two recently escaped dissidents narrated their personal histories of abuse, and claimed the nuclear deal is only empowering the regime to be more repressive and expansionist, said The Washington Times. The two dissidents, Shabnam Madadzadeh, 29, and Arash Mohammadi, 25, told Rowan Scarborough of the brutality they had faced in taking part in public protest. Both were smuggled out of Iran via a clandestine network operated by the People’s Mujahedeen of Iran (MEK). Both protestors spoke of the widespread hatred of the regime and the sense of betrayal that the West does nothing to support aspirations for democracy. Mohammadi, arrested for taking part in the 2009 demonstrations said, on the streets, the chants were, “Obama, Obama, are you with them or with us?” Madadzadeh said, “Nothing has changed in the Iranian people’s life. The deal was just with the regime.” The money released by the lifting of sanctions had gone to the export of terrorism, propping up the Assad regime, and suppression - “every negotiation with the regime means an additional gallows in Iran,” she told The Washington Times. Madadzadeh gained fame as a student organizer during the popular uprising of 2009. She was mentioned in 2010 and 2011 State Department reports on human rights violations in Iran. The State Department said that Ms. Madadzadeh was sentenced to five years in prison for spreading anti-state propaganda. Her lawyer was not present in the courtroom; authorities had detained him for protesting the death sentence of a teenager.
Madadzadeh’s various prisons included the notorious Evin prison and its Section 209 run by the Ministry of Intelligence. She says she was beaten, threatened with rape, and subjected to fake executions. Madadzadeh was told, “Speak out against the Mujahedin.” She would not.
Mohammadi was imprisoned for two years, during which time “intelligence interrogators beat and threatened him,” The Washington Times reported. He was offered money to denounce the MEK and “become an accepted reformist.” Mohammadi refused.
Both dissidents were speaking in Paris at a conference with other Iranians opposed to the Iranian regime. Mohammadi plans to be “a voice for the voiceless.” His message to President-elect Donald Trump: “The responsibility for change is with me and my generation. We are the force for change. If the West wants to have a good reputation in Iran, my point is, side with us. Side with the resistance. History will remember you in a good way. That’s for your betterment and for Iranian people’s betterment.”

US Senate passes 10-year extension of Iran sanctions
Reuters Thursday, 1 December 2016/The US Senate passed a 10-year extension of existing sanctions against Iran on Thursday, sending the measure to the White House for President Barack Obama to sign into law and delaying any potentially tougher actions until next year.As the voting continued, senators were backing the renewal of the Iran Sanctions Act by 89-0. It passed the House of Representatives nearly unanimously in November, and congressional aides said they expected Obama would sign it when it reached his desk.
Last Update: Thursday, 1 December 2016 KSA 22:24 - GMT 19:24
 
Report: Iranian arms sent to Yemen via Somalia
Staff writer, Al Arabiya English Thursday, 1 December 2016/A newly-released report by independent research group Conflict Armament Research (CAR) “suggests” that there is an arms “pipeline” that extends from Iran to Somalia and Yemen.  The UK-based CAR released its analysis Wednesday, after US officials claimed in October that they had seized five shipments of Iranian weapons bound for Yemen.  “CAR’s analysis of the seized materiel … suggests the existence of a weapon pipeline extending from Iran to Somalia and Yemen, which involves the transfer, by dhow, of significant quantities of Iranian-manufactured weapons and weapons that plausibly derive from Iranian stockpiles,” the report said. CAR also said in its report that after analysis of the caches of anti-tank missiles, rocket launchers and other light and small arms from the dhows that were heading to Somalia, they believe the arms were “probably supplied with the complicity of Iranian security forces.”Iran has denied US and Gulf claims that it supplies Houthi militias with arms, saying its support to the Houthis is merely diplomatic.
 Meanwhile, the UAE ambassador to the UN, Lana Nusseibeh, said CAR’s findings “would be a flagrant violation of UN security council resolutions,” according to the Abu Dhabi-based The National. “The UAE calls on the Security Council to take all measures necessary to demand that Iran comply with its obligations,” she added. “These shipments are further evidence of Iran’s expansionist and destabilizing behavior in Yemen, fueling the conflict and endangering Yemeni civilians and Yemen’s neighbors.”
 
WSJ editorial: Focus on Iran’s 1988 massacre
NCRI Iran News/Thursday, 01 December 2016/The following is an editorial published by the Wall Street Journal on Thursday, December 1, 2016 on the 1988 massacre of political prisoners in Iran:
The Wall Street Journal
Iran’s Prisoner of the Revolution
A beloved son of the regime is jailed for disclosing its crimes.
December 1, 2016
An Iranian revolutionary court on Sunday sentenced Ahmad Montazeri to 21 years in prison on a range of national-security charges. The 60-year-old cleric will serve a mere six years by Iranian justice standards, owing to his age and his family’s special status in Iranian revolutionary history. But his sentence is a reminder that the regime remains as brutal as ever, even as it reaps the economic benefits of its nuclear deal with the West. Mr. Montazeri’s crime was to release tapes that capture his father, the Grand Ayatollah Hossein-Ali Montazeri, denouncing the regime’s repression during its first decade in power. The elder Montazeri, who died in 2009, was one of the regime’s founders with Ayatollah Khomeini. Tapped to succeed Khomeini as supreme leader, Montazeri grew increasingly disillusioned with the theocracy he had established. The final break came in 1988 when the regime executed thousands of leftists and supporters of the Mujahedeen-e-Khalq (MEK) opposition group. The MEK had helped Khomeini topple the Shah in 1979. But after the revolution the new supreme leader set out to consolidate power and liquidate his erstwhile allies. Montazeri denounced the executions at the time, accusing senior security apparatchiks in the 1988 recording of committing the “biggest crime in the Islamic Republic, for which the history will condemn us.” He added: “Beware of 50 years from now, when people will pass judgment on the leader [Khomeini] and will say he was a bloodthirsty, brutal and murderous leader.” For his dissent, Montazeri was sidelined and spent much of the rest of his life under house arrest. Among the men he addressed in the tape was Mostafa Pourmohammadi, who is now Justice Minister in the “moderate” government that negotiated the nuclear deal. Confronted with the recording this summer, Mr. Pourmohammadi said, “We take pride in executing God’s commandment with respect to the hypocrites,” using the regime’s epithet for the MEK. This episode about the nature of the Tehran regime is worth keeping in mind as Donald Trump becomes the seventh U.S. President to confront the Iranian threat.

Turning Blind Eye to the Crimes of the Iranian Regime Militants in Iraq
Thursday, 01 December 2016/NCRI - Following recognition of mercenary group called ‘Hashed al-Shaebi’ affiliated to the Iranian regime in Iraq, what are the dangers that lie ahead in this country? On November 29, Al Arabiya TV reported: “murders and crimes of this group have been repeatedly condemned by human rights organizations.”Hashed al-Shaebi militants are a mixture of elements affiliated to the regime in Iran who are financially and militarily supported by this regime. The group was established in June 2014. In addition to the Iranian regime's military and financial support for this group, the Iraqi government also helps them and attempts to give them a legal cover. The Iraqi government have paid the group millions of dollars from the country’s budget. Hashed al-Shaebi consists of nearly 70 militant groups. The largest group in Hashed al-Shaebi is Badr group affiliated with Badr Corps headed by Hadi al-Ameri. Another group is called Asaeb headed by Gheys Khazali. Hezbollah group headed by Akram al-Kaebi is also one of these groups. In addition, the so-called Abolfazl Al-Abbas Brigade is also among these groups. All of these militant groups take their orders from Iranian regime and most of them are subordinate of the Velayat-e Faqih system. In addition to weapons, money and justification, the Iranian regime helps these groups by dispatching its military commanders such as Qassem Soleimani. These militants in addition to Iraq are also fighting in Syria alongside Bashar Assad’s regime. They have a heavy record of violating the rights of the residents of the areas where they entered, areas like Diyala province, Salahuddin, Anbar and Baghdad beltway. Kidnapping, killings, burning corpses, torture and summary executions as well as blowing up people’s homes are part of their crimes.

Nowhere on the Planet 'Land Looting' Is as Prevalent as in Iran
Thursday, 01 December 2016/NCRI - On November 29, in an article titled “land looters” greed for those without titling,” the state-run Armaan newspaper admitted the uniqueness of Land looting practice in Iran under the mullahs’ regime compared with other countries in the world. “Land looting in the past decade has become a familiar phenomenon; a bawdy phenomenon which in recent years has made some people multi-billionaire overnight and in the meantime natural resources have been looted,” the state-run newspaper then admitted that the looting is carried out by government institutions and added: “Over the past decade, Land looting has become a money-making activity in Iran. There is no doubt that in Iran's economic mess this unethical and illegitimate practice is sometimes carried out by some (government) institutions.” Pointing out the systematic corruption and looting by the regime, Armaan newspaper wrote: “When corruption permeates all the pores of the economy, and worse, it is to be completely naked for all to see, it comes out in various ways as no surprise to people.”
The writer then referred to the corrupt economic relations in this regard and added: “Land looting is one of the few titles that is followed by huge money pocketed by a few people who have even taken over natural resources... or the land is in the name of an individual or at the disposal of the government, but with unknown or known ties it goes to a (specific) person!”The newspaper concluded that “Perhaps Land looting in Iran is very ridiculous because nowhere on the planet such practice is found as much as in Iran… It should be said that as the result, Iran’s economic air is polluted and when the air is polluted nothing is clear. It is not clear who does what activities and how much they earn.”

Francois Hollande will not seek re-election as president of France
Reuters Thursday, 1 December 2016/French President Francois Hollande said on Thursday he would not seek a second term in office in the presidential election in 2017, an unprecedented move that leaves the way open for other left-wing candidates.
It is the first time in decades that an incumbent French president has not sought re-election. Hollande is the most unpopular president on record. “I am aware today of the risk that going down a route that would not gather sufficient support would entail, so I have decided not to be a candidate in the presidential election,” a somber-looking Hollande said in a televised address. All recent polls have predicted that neither Hollande nor any other Socialist candidate would make it past the first round of the election. They predict a run-off battle between center-right candidate Francois Fillon and the leader of the far-right National Front, Marine Le Pen. The Left is deeply divided as it approaches the election. Several other Socialists, including former economy minister Arnaud Montebourg, have said they will take part in the party’s primaries in January. Another of Hollande’s ex-ministers, Emmanuel Macron, and leftist firebrand Jean-Luc Melenchon have said they will run in the presidential election but without taking part in the primaries. There has been tension between Hollande and his prime minister Manuel Valls, who raised the possibility in a weekend interview that he might run in the primaries against his boss.

Human Rights Groups Condemn Persecution Of Iranian Christians
Andy Walton/Christian Today/01 December 2016
http://www.christiantoday.com/article/human.rights.groups.condemn.persecution.of.iranian.christians/102604.htm
The treatment of Christians by the regime in Iran has been condemned by 19 human rights and religious organisations, reports World Watch Monitor.
The groups say there are opportunities to rectify the situation presented by the nuclear deal – which was opposed by conservative elements in the USA and the Middle East.
They add that the opportunity for governments and companies to trade in Iran as a result of the deal now presents a chance for them to pressure the Iranian administration on its treatment of Christians and other religious minorities.
The statement issued by the human rights groups says that persecution of believers has gone up recently. "In the summer of 2016, Iranian authorities increased their persecution of Christians, honing in on converts from a Muslim-background," it says.
Christians have a long history in Iran but have been vulnerable to persecution since the revolution of 1979. Despite ongoing deprivation of freedom, the Church in Iran is said to be growing – with both house churches and more recognised denominations flourishing.
The groups who have released the statement suggest that the persecution of Christians not only contravenes the country's legal obligations, but also its own constitution. The statement is aimed to gain attention from international bodies such as the European Union and the United Nations.

Iraqi Christian Family's Search For Three-Year-Old Daughter Taken By ISIS
Reuters/ /December 01/16/In a camp near Mosul a picture of a three-year-old girl, snatched from her mother's breast by Islamic State militants when they overran her Christian town two years ago, is taped to a wall along with a desperate plea from her parents. "Lost Girl", reads the poster in the displaced people's camp, urging anyone with information about Christina Ezzo Abada to call the number provided. Almost nothing is known about what happened to Christina since her abduction, but her family assumes she was taken to Mosul and is praying she will be found among the tens of thousands of people now fleeing the city. In the cramped cabin where they live, her parents keep vigil around the television, tuned to a channel tracking the progress of Iraqi security forces as they fight to recapture the city from Islamic State.
A picture of Christina hangs on the wall next to an image of Jesus.
"We hope she's alive," said her mother, Aida Nuh, the dark circles around her eyes giving her a haunted expression. "Maybe someone will bring her and look for us and make contact. God knows". Christina's case is unusual. Although Islamic State is known for its brutality and has kidnapped thousands of men, women and children from Iraq's Yazidi minority, Christians faced a different ultimatum under the militants' rule – pay a special tax for protection, convert to Islam, or die by the sword. Most fled, but around 30 remained in the Christian town of Qaraqosh, about 15 km (10 miles) southeast of Mosul, including Nuh and her husband, along with Christina, their youngest daughter. It is a decision they have lived to regret, but at the time it was unclear how the militants would treat them, and Nuh said she expected Iraqi security forces to regain control in a matter of days. Nevertheless, they sent their four elder children to safety in the nearby Kurdish region as a precaution.
Snatched
Twenty days went by in Qaraqosh with Christina and her parents holed up at home, fearful of the black-clad militants, who came to them demanding they convert to Islam, but also provided food and water when asked. On August 22, 2014, the militants instructed all remaining Christians to gather at a local hospital for medical tests, and Nuh and her husband obeyed. But there were no tests, and after a short interval the militants ordered them onto a minibus waiting outside, which had been smeared with mud to prevent passengers looking out or anyone seeing in. The militants, whom Nuh identified as local Arabs, searched the group of around 30 Christians for valuables, which they took, and separated four members of the group before corralling the rest onto the bus.
Nuh sat with Christina on her lap and was breast-feeding her when one of the militants came up and wrenched the girl away.
"Who will look after her? She needs me," pleaded Nuh, trailing the man as he got off the bus with her daughter. He said he was following orders from his emir, or commander, before disappearing into the hospital, barring her way. She continued to beg, and eventually the emir emerged from the hospital carrying Christina, who was crying. "I told him to give her back to me," recalled Nuh. "He didn't speak. With his eyes he motioned at me to get back on the bus."When she resisted, the militants first threatened and then forced her onto the bus, which drove to a wasteland on the edge of Islamic State territory and dumped the entire group there.
That was the last time Nuh saw her daughter.
In the days after she was taken, Christina's parents called local Arabs with links to Islamic State who told them she had been placed with a family and was in safe hands. But then contact was lost. Further efforts to track the girl down have yielded nothing, although some speculate she ended up in an Islamic State orphanage. It is not clear why the militants kidnapped Christina, who would now be five-years-old. Earlier this week, the family returned to Qaraqosh for the first time since leaving more than two years ago. On the way there, the car stopped and Christina's father, who is blind, got out and heard the voice of a young girl. "I heard 'papa! papa!'," he said. "I called 'Christina! Christina!', but she didn't reply". 

Aleppo: As fighting rages, everything must be done to protect civilians
 ICRC - News Release No. 16/126
 01 December 2016
 The head of the International Committee of the Red Cross in Syria is appealing to all sides fighting in Aleppo to do their utmost to protect the civilian population. Since the escalation in violence in Eastern Aleppo these past few days, at least 30,000 people have fled to the West of the city, while countless others are expected to have escaped in other directions. That number is likely to rise, possibly by tens of thousands.
 “The people who’re fleeing take a lot of risks. There is shelling, explosions and sniper fire. People have left behind virtually everything,” said Ms Gasser, speaking in Aleppo.
 “They must be guaranteed protection and safe passage. We appeal to all sides to ensure this. We at the ICRC are ready to help, but it’s up to those who are involved in the fighting to protect civilians.”
 The ICRC and Syrian Arab Red Crescent (SARC) were granted access to Masaken Hanano, one of the districts in East Aleppo, in order to assess the living conditions for people who decide to come back once it will be possible. Hanano was previously under siege and has now been retaken by government forces following heavy fighting.
 "The place is deserted and there is immense destruction all along the road. Aleppo city and the southeast rural areas have already received thousands of displaced people. More people continue to arrive from the east. In a bad, very bad state. People's main wish is to return to their houses,” said Ms Gasser.
 People who manage to flee either left by foot for the Government-held areas in the West or crossed further north to Sheikh Maksood and surrounding areas. Most of them came from Hanano area, Haydaryee, Inzarat, Beedeen, Sakhour, Shaar, Katrji, Jabal Badro and other areas in Eastern Aleppo. They are then transported by the authorities to two collective shelters of Jibreen and Mahalej where the Syrian Arab Red Crescent, the ICRC and other local organisations have been responding with basic humanitarian aid.
 The SARC dispatched mobile medical teams to treat the sick, injured and malnourished. The teams work 12 hours per day and, since 27 November, have treated over 2,500 people. As the shelters lack basic amenities, the ICRC and SARC installed emergency water tanks and sanitation facilities, and provided food, blankets and mattresses. As the situation evolves, the organisations are scaling up their response to deal with new arrivals.
 “We saw buses arriving with people, more and more people. Hundreds were arriving every hour while we were there. Conditions are very difficult. People are in shock. They’re tired and cold, many of them are still covered in dust and need medical help. It’s heart-breaking,” said Marianne Gasser said.
 “It’s all very basic. First of all, we need to ensure dignified conditions for these people. One of the shelters is a cotton factory, a huge hangar where some 15 thousand people will expect to be accommodated.”
 *For further information, please contact:
 Pawel Krzysiek, ICRC Damascus, tel: +963 993 700 847
 Ralph El Hage, ICRC Amman, +962 7 7845 4382
 Krista Armstrong, ICRC Geneva, +41 79 447 37 26
 
Saudi Rights Activist Jail Term Hiked to '11 Years'
Naharnet/Agence France Presse/December 01/16/A Saudi Arabian court on Thursday increased to 11 years the jail sentence of a human rights activist, reflecting a continued crackdown, Amnesty International said. Following an appeal, the "counter-terror court" revised the sentence against Issa al-Hamid, a founding member of Saudi Arabia's Civil and Political Rights Association (ACPRA), London-based Amnesty said in a statement. Hamid was initially sentenced in April to nine years in prison. Amnesty said he was convicted on a long list of charges including communicating false information to undermine the image of the state. The charges related to statements and online articles in which he spoke about issues including the right to demonstrate, and called on the king to order an investigation into rights abuses, Amnesty said. Authorities shut down the independent ACPRA group in 2013 and have sentenced all its founders to jail, Amnesty said. The ruling increasing Hamid's sentence "is yet another demonstration of the authorities' continued ruthless and relentless crackdown on human rights defenders," said Samah Hadid, of Amnesty's Beirut office. Saudi Arabia was recently re-elected to a new three-year term on the United Nations Human Rights Council.

Heavy Rain Piles Misery on Mosul Displaced

Naharnet/Agence France Presse/December 01/16/Abdelwahed Mahmud dug gullies around his tent in northern Iraq Thursday after heavy overnight rain flooded Khazir camp, the latest hardship to hit the thousands of families displaced around Mosul. "This is to stop the rain, if we don't dig these, it will keep coming in," said the 35-year-old, using the back of his spade to shore up the sides of his tent. Around 74,000 people have been forced to flee their homes since tens of thousands of Iraqi forces launched a major offensive to retake Mosul, the last major bastion in Iraq of the Islamic State group. The first major rain storms of the winter swept the Mosul area late Wednesday, miring the displaced gathered in the crowded camps dotting the region. Earlier this week, the first sub-zero temperatures hit the region and on Thursday some families in Khazir camp woke up to find their foam mattresses soaked in muddy water. "We are cursed," said Samar Lafi, a woman with decaying teeth who did not know her year of birth but looked in her mid-thirties. "We don't put the heater on, we'd rather use the paraffin they are giving us to cook," said the mother of two, who was displaced twice since IS conquered large parts of Iraq in 2014. People trudged along in the mud, carrying gas canisters and bottled water, or pushing wheelbarrows filled with basic goods down the camp alleys.
Water in the tents
Some wore plastic bags over their shoes to walk through the puddles while a group of children embraced the situation and played in the biggest pool of muddy water. "This is how we live," said Waddah Abdelhadi, from Mosul's Intisar neighborhood, extending his arms in a gesture of powerlessness and looking at the thousands of white tents around him. "The water entered some tents, we wish they had put a concrete base under them or surfaced at least the main road to facilitate the movements of those coming back with from the shops," said the 28-year-old, who described himself as a poet. The tents in Khazir, the largest of the camps set up for the people displaced by the Mosul offensive, stretch over more than a kilometer. "It's very muddy inside the tents, and it's only going to get worse with the frosty weather," Abdelhadi said. Camp manager Badreddin Najmeddin said 6,000 heaters were handed out in Khazir over the past two days. The hundreds of thousands who remained in their homes inside Mosul face no better conditions however, with fierce fighting raging in the city. The United Nations warned on Wednesday that up to 500,000 civilians inside Mosul were facing a shortage of drinking water that will have a "catastrophic impact."

U.N. Envoy Meets Yemen's Hadi in New Peace Bid
Naharnet/Agence France Presse/December 01/16/The U.N. envoy to Yemen and President Abedrabbo Mansour Hadi met Thursday in the southern city of Aden to discuss a new bid to end the country's conflict, a government official said. Ismail Ould Cheikh Ahmed, who flew in from Riyadh, held several hours of talks with Hadi at the hilltop al-Maashiq palace, where members of his government are also staying, before leaving Aden, the official said. The U.N. envoy, after meeting Hadi in Aden for the first time, said the visit was a "message of respect" for the president, in videotaped comments sent to reporters. The aim of his mission was to "return to dialogue and a peaceful solution," Ould Cheikh Ahmed said, reporting "much positivity" from Hadi. Aden has been serving as Yemen's temporary capital since pro-Hadi forces with support from a Saudi-led Arab coalition recaptured it from Iran-backed Shiite Huthi rebels last year. Hadi, who has been based mostly in Riyadh since Yemen's conflict broke out, flew to Aden last Saturday. The government-run sabanew.net website said Hadi handed the envoy a letter reiterating the government’s rejection of a roadmap presented by Ould Cheikh Ahmed in October, which would see the president eased out of power. The contents of the peace roadmap have not been made public. But informed sources say it calls for agreement on naming a new vice president after the rebels withdraw from the capital Sanaa and other cities and hand over heavy weapons to a third party. Hadi would then transfer power to the vice president who would appoint a new prime minister to form a government in which the north and south of Yemen would have equal representation. Late last month, Ould Cheikh Ahmed said he has been preparing "for a new round" of peace talks, after a previous round held in Kuwait collapsed in August.More than 7,000 people have been killed and nearly 37,000 wounded since Yemen's conflict escalated after the Saudi-led military coalition intervened in March 2015 to support Hadi. On a separate front, Aden has been the target of frequent jihadist attacks claimed by al-Qaida or the Islamic State group which have expanded in Yemen's south and east. On Thursday, three al-Qaida suspects, including a local leader named Abu Jeni al-Suairi, were killed in an apparent U.S. drone strike on their vehicle in the eastern province of Hadramawt, security officials said. In Shabwa province, further south, suspected al-Qaida gunmen shot dead a retired intelligence officer, Colonel Salem Yusr, as he was left a local market, they said. Washington regards al-Qaida's Yemen-based branch as its most dangerous, and it has kept up a long-running drone war targeting its commanders.

Nearly 2,000 Members of Iraqi Forces Killed in November, Says U.N.
Naharnet/Agence France Presse/December 01/16/Close to 2,000 members of the Iraqi security forces were killed in November across the country, along with hundreds of civilians, the United Nations said Thursday. The figure increased threefold from October, when tens of thousands of forces launched a huge assault to retake the Islamic State group's last major Iraqi bastion of Mosul. According to the U.N. mission in Iraq's monthly tally, 1,959 Iraqi forces were killed last month and at least 450 others wounded. The toll includes members of the army, police who are engaged in combat, the Kurdish peshmerga, interior ministry forces and pro-government paramilitaries. The U.N. statement also said at least 926 civilians were killed, bringing to 2,885 the number of Iraqis killed in acts of terrorism, violence and armed conflict last month. "The casualty figures are staggering, with civilians accounting for a significant number of the victims," the top U.N. envoy in Iraq, Jan Kubis, said. The spike in casualties comes as a major offensive to retake the IS stronghold of Mosul, Iraq's largest military operation in years, enters its seventh week. Kubis said the growing death toll was largely a result of the jihadists' ferocious defense of Mosul, the city where they proclaimed their now crumbling "caliphate" in 2014. "Daesh (IS) has been employing the most vicious tactics, using civilian homes as firing positions as well as abducting and forcibly moving civilians, effectively using them as human shields," he said. The U.N. did not provide a regional breakdown of the overall toll but its casualty figures have been going up steadily since the launch of the Mosul offensive on October 17. The number of members of the Iraqi forces killed released by the U.N. for October was 672. The highest number of civilian deaths recorded in November was in Nineveh province, of which Mosul is the capital, with 332, the U.N. figures showed. The U.N. explained it had few reliable figures for the western province of Anbar, which has seen continued IS-related violence in recent weeks, and suggested that real casualty figures were likely higher. The government in Baghdad and the authorities in the autonomous Kurdish region rarely divulge casualty figures during a military operation. The ongoing Mosul offensive is no exception and the myriad forces involved have remained mum on losses within their ranks. Burials at the main Shiite cemetery of Najaf however, as well as partial figures provided by local officials across the country and the number of obituaries posted on Facebook pointed to significant losses among the security forces.

Abbas is Israel's Top 'Ideological' Foe, Says Netanyahu Ally
Naharnet/Agence France Presse/December 01/16/A leading minister called Mahmoud Abbas Israel's top ideological enemy on Thursday after the Palestinian president suggested he could withdraw recognition if progress was not made towards peace. Energy Minister Yuval Steinitz, seen as close to Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, called the Palestinian leader's remarks at a Fatah party congress in Ramallah on Wednesday "a sad joke." "Abu Mazen talks about stopping recognizing Israel -- he never really recognized Israel's right to exist and the Jewish people's right to a state of their own," Steinitz told army radio, referring to Abbas. "Ideologically Abu Mazen is the number one enemy of the very existence of Israel, even more than (Yasser) Arafat was," he said referring to Abbas' predecessor, who led an armed struggle against Israel before signing the Oslo peace accords of 1993 and 1995. While Palestinian leaders have recognized the state of Israel, Israeli leaders have called on them to do so as a "Jewish state", which Abbas has refused. For the Palestinians, doing so could preempt negotiations on the so-called right of return, the demand that Palestinian refugees from the time of Israel's creation in 1948 be allowed back under a peace deal. Israeli leaders say the refusal shows the Palestinians are not truly interested in peace with a Jewish-majority nation. Speaking at his Fatah party's first congress since 2009, Abbas said: "Our recognition of the state of Israel is not free and must receive mutual recognition in return. "If Israel goes to the U.N. and is recognized as a ‘Jewish national republic of Israel’, then they will have international recognition," the 81-year-old said during his three-hour speech. "At the moment, we must lead a peaceful popular resistance and we want to keep our hand extended for peace, but if Israel does not recognize us, we will withdraw our recognition."While Israeli politicians accuse Abbas and other Palestinian leaders of inciting violence, Israeli military officials have saluted his efforts to coordinate security. Israel's security establishment sees him as far preferable to Hamas, the Islamist movement that runs the Gaza Strip. Iran and Lebanon's Hizbullah are regularly named as Israel's top threats in the Middle East

Latest LCCC Bulletin analysis & editorials from miscellaneous sources published on December 01/16
Iran’s uproar

Mshari Al Thaydi/Al Arabiya/December 01/16
The commanders of Khomeini’s guards are in a state of uproar which has reached unprecedented levels on the political and military fronts. They are preparing themselves to lead the world, inherit America and swallow up oceans and seas. Their small military boats are harassing US aircraft carriers in Gulf waters. Iranian Major General Yahya Rahim Safavi, who is a top military adviser to Iranian Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei and a former commander of the Revolutionary Guards, said his country is heading “towards establishing a global Islamic government to succeed American hegemony and western domination in the world.”Yes, he made these statements while in command of his full mental faculties. His statement came two days after Iranian Armed Forces Chief of Staff Mohammed Bagheri said his country is preparing to create military bases outside Iran and specified creating such bases in Syria and Yemen.
Imagine that! Engulfing seas, leading the world, establishing an Islamic government. What about the emergence of the Mahdi? What will his role be in all these Khomeini-style military preparations? Iran does not have any real capabilities but their yelling is harmful and calls for full vigilance
We also do not know what the role of Russia, their allies, in this Iranian despotism will look like. Will Russia be their partner in this “caliphate” according to the standards of Khomeini’s version of Islam, or a follower or a rival? We bring this up amid increasing indications of a Russian-Iranian dispute in Syria due to conflicting interests and different visions. Recently, Major Safavi said that the former Russian empire “stole” Iranian lands and he lamented the Qajar state’s inability to stand up to Russia because it “did not plant the spirit of martyrdom” among its people and he particularly noted treaties such as the Treaty of Gulistan in 1813.
While meeting with Iranian naval force officials last Sunday to discuss enhancing Iranian influence in international waters, Khamenei said: “The capacity of the Islamic Republic of Iran’s naval power must suit the Islamic system and the nobility of this country.”
Meanwhile, Houthi militias and forces loyal to deposed President Ali Abdullah Saleh formed a new government all by themselves. They assigned the ministry of transportation to Houthi military figure Zakaria al-Shami. Many think the aim is to coordinate smuggling operations, via land and sea, to Saleh and the Houthis, the agents of Iran. Gulf countries are aware of these threats. This is why in 2014, they began establishing a joint Gulf naval committee and important naval exercises were held in Bahrain last March. I think Iran – in line with Khomeini style propaganda - is just yelling like thugs in an alley. They don’t have any real capabilities but their yelling is harmful and calls for full vigilance. We now wait to see how the new American president will deal with this Khomeini style terrorism near the Hormuz Strait, near American fleets. By the way, when it comes to such issues, Operation Decisive Storm is absolutely necessary. This is just a reminder! This article was first published in Asharq al-Awsat on November 30, 2016.

The Israeli-Palestinian Impasse After Trump/How Netanyahu needs to emulate Trump in Israel.
Mordechai Nisan/Frontpage/November 25, 2016
http://www.frontpagemag.com/fpm/264936/israeli-palestinian-impasse-after-trump-mordechai-nisan
Soon after the end of the June 1967 Six Day War, Israel's Foreign Minister Abba Eban met in New York with U.S. Secretary of State Dean Rusk. Eban was asked about Israel's thinking on a future political settlement following her extraordinary military victory and territorial conquests. He responded that the Israeli government had decided on June 19 that in exchange for peace agreements, Israel would return the Sinai Peninsula to Egypt and the Golan Heights to Syria, while considering granting autonomy to the Arab population in the West Bank. Rusk, Eban later recorded in his autobiography, could hardly believe what he was saying and responded that "he did not know of any case in modern history where a country, which had been attacked and emerged victorious, put forward such daring proposals so soon after." President Johnson considered that Israel's position was "constructive;" while Gideon Rafael, Israel's Ambassador to the United Nations, later wrote that the Secretary of State was impressed by Israeli "moderation."
When Donald Trump will meet with Binyamin Netanyahu, it is reasonable to assume that the President will ask the Israeli Prime Minister - fifty years after the Rusk-Eban exchange - how he envisions a political resolution of the conflict with the Palestinians.
After the liberation of Judea and Samaria from Jordanian rule, political controversy engulfed the Israelis into interminable division. Historically, the political Center-Left was not always, as it later evolved, opposed to Jewish settlement and Israeli territorial retention.
In May 1973 Minister of Defense Moshe Dayan said in a BBC TV interview: "Israel should remain for eternity and until the end of time in the West Bank…if Palestinians didn't like this, they could go and establish themselves in an Arab country." Prime Minister Golda Meir was decisive in her autobiography: "Obviously, no Israeli government could ever obligate itself to a permanent banning of Jews from any part of the Holy Land."
Since the dramatic Likud victory in 1977, Israel's political Left has withered. Their last and distant election victory was in 1999, having cast aside principles endorsed by Dayan and Meir and which later became the hallmark of patriotism and realism for Begin, Shamir, and Netanyahu.
In February 1945, toward the end of the Second World War, President Roosevelt assured King Abdul Aziz al-Saud "that he would do nothing to assist the Jews against the Arabs and would make no move hostile to the Arab people." In 2017 President Trump can assure Prime Minister Netanyahu that he would do nothing to assist the Arabs against the Jews and would make no move hostile to the Israeli people.
This policy position will clear the political slate by burying the delusional Oslo Accords which failed to elicit mutual trust and reconciliation, cancelling the phony peace process which is all one-sided for the Palestinians, and invalidating the two-state solution whose complexity far surpasses its simple appellation. The Palestinians refuse to recognize the Jewish state, claiming all of Palestine for themselves.
Let us be clear on what we know about sociology, religion, and politics in Palestinian culture. A Palestinian state in Judea and Samaria would bear the defective features of harrowing clan tribalism, Islamic fanaticism, and simmering violence. This rogue and irredentist state would be a disaster for both its Arab residents, and for Israel.
There will likely be a dramatic shift in American Middle East foreign policy free of Oriental enthusiasms, abstract paradigms of a new regional order, and State Department 'Arabists' who consider Zionism the root cause of the conflict. Donald Trump's hard-nosed political realism and sympathetic attitude toward Israel will at long last set the record straight. His pre-election statements point to a fundamental change which acknowledges that Israel alone decides on its national interests, based on sacred values, geo-strategic environment, and accumulated experience.
Presidential candidate Donald Trump declared to a large and enthusiastic AIPAC audience on March 21, 2016: 'the days of treating Israel as a second-class citizen will end on day one' [following his inauguration].
Six components shape a political solution for the intractable conflict in the Land. Let us transcend sloganeering – like "territories for peace" - and scale the high ground for a new, radical, and sensible approach. With the encouragement and resources of Washington, a new Israeli plan may actually work.
Here is the six-point plan:
A/1: Jewish settlement in Judea and Samaria is the national and civilian expression of a biblical promise to the patriarch Abraham – the Land of Israel belongs to the ancient Jewish people.
A/2: Israeli sovereignty in Judea and Samaria is the only political condition that can provide the country with minimum strategic depth and topographical command, securing itself from military and security threats and perils.
B/1: Arab autonomy – but not a Palestinian state - in Judea and Samaria is the maximum concession that Israel can offer without endangering its safety.
B/2: Arab migration eastward to Jordan should be encouraged and financed in shaping new demographic and political realities in the spirit of the formula: the Palestinians east of the Jordan River and only Israel west of the river.
C/1: UNRWA, an international trough supplying resources for Palestinian terrorism and hateful propaganda against Israel, having routinized Palestinians' dependency and subservience as wards of global exploitation must be shut down by America cancelling its financial support.
C/2: Palestinian refugees from 1948 – few of whom are still alive and whose progeny incongruously fills the refugee rolls - should be freed from their collective humiliation and squalor, as in Lebanon, through resettlement in Jordan, Iraq, South America, West Africa, and elsewhere.
The broad ramifications of this ABC plan will redraw the political and demographic map; out of the box, we can finally think again.
Trump launched a paradigm shift in America; can Netanyahu, with Trump's support, launch his in Israel?
Donald Trump challenged, ridiculed, and vilified, the icons of Political Correctness: regarding the environment, government, globalization, trade, Islam, race and immigration.
Binyamin Netanyahu has made some inroads but should now demolish Political Correctness in Israel, declaring: that the Israelis are the people of the land and not occupiers; that the Palestinians are aggressors and not victims; that Jewish settlement resonates with the rapturous music of homecoming and is not land-thievery nor an obstacle to peace; that the Palestinians are the majority in Jordan and not stateless; that a Palestinian state in Judea and Samaria would be a base for insurrection and warfare, not a formula for peace; that the Arabs in Israel enjoy liberty and education, and are not suffering discrimination; that a Middle East peace conference is a wanton design for an imposed solution, not a venue for rapprochement; that Israel should not foolishly take 'risks for peace' – what an oxymoronic buzz phrase! – but only control its grand and fragile destiny, on the ground, in its hands.
The march of political folly must end. The unfolding circumstances can now sustain a historic paradigm shift on the century-old conflict between Arabs and Jews in the Holy Land.

Germany Submits to Sharia Law/"A parallel justice system has established itself in Germany"
 Soeren Kern/Gatestone Institute//December 01/16
 https://www.gatestoneinstitute.org/9461/germany-sharia-law
 A German court has ruled that seven Islamists who formed a vigilante patrol to enforce Sharia law on the streets of Wuppertal did not break German law and were simply exercising their right to free speech. The "politically correct" decision, which may be appealed, effectively authorizes the Sharia Police to continue enforcing Islamic law in Wuppertal.
 The self-appointed "Sharia Police" distributed leaflets which established a "Sharia-controlled zone" in Wuppertal. The men urged both Muslim and non-Muslim passersby to attend mosques and to refrain from alcohol, cigarettes, drugs, gambling, music, pornography and prostitution.
 Critics say the cases — especially those in which German law has taken a back seat to Sharia law — reflect a dangerous encroachment of Islamic law into the German legal system.
 In June 2013, a court in Hamm ruled that anyone who contracts marriage according to Islamic law in a Muslim country and later seeks a divorce in Germany must abide by the original terms established by Sharia law. The landmark ruling effectively legalized the Sharia practice of "triple-talaq," obtaining a divorce by reciting the phrase "I divorce you" three times.
 A growing number of Muslims in Germany are consciously bypassing German courts altogether and instead are adjudicating their disputes in informal Sharia courts, which are proliferating across the country.
 "If the rule of law fails to establish its authority and demand respect for itself, then it can immediately declare its bankruptcy." — Franz Solms-Laubach, Bild's parliamentary correspondent.
 A German court has ruled that seven Islamists who formed a vigilante patrol to enforce Sharia law on the streets of Wuppertal did not break German law and were simply exercising their right to free speech.
 The ruling, which effectively legitimizes Sharia law in Germany, is one of a growing number of instances in which German courts are — wittingly or unwittingly — promoting the establishment of a parallel Islamic legal system in the country.
 The self-appointed "Sharia Police" sparked public outrage in September 2014, when they distributed yellow leaflets which established a "Sharia-controlled zone" in the Elberfeld district of Wuppertal. The men urged both Muslim and non-Muslim passersby to attend mosques and to refrain from alcohol, cigarettes, drugs, gambling, music, pornography and prostitution.
 A German court has ruled that a group of Islamists who formed a vigilante patrol to enforce Sharia law on the streets of Wuppertal did not break German law and were simply exercising their right to free speech. They were charged under a law that prohibits the wearing of uniforms at public rallies -- a law originally designed to ban neo-Nazi groups from parading in public.
 The vigilantes are followers of Salafism, a virulently anti-Western ideology that openly seeks to replace democracy in Germany (and elsewhere) with an Islamic government based on Sharia law.
 Salafist ideology posits that Sharia law is superior to secular, common law because it emanates from Allah, the only legitimate lawgiver, and thus is legally binding eternally for all of humanity. According to the Salafist worldview, democracy is an effort to elevate the will of humans above the will of Allah, and is therefore a form of idolatry that must be rejected. In other words, Sharia law and democracy are incompatible.
 Wuppertal Mayor Peter Jung said he hoped the police would take a hard line against the Islamists: "The intention of these people is to provoke and intimidate and force their ideology upon others. We will not allow this."
 Wuppertal Police Chief Birgitta Radermacher said the "pseudo police" represented a threat to the rule of law and that only police appointed and employed by the state have the legitimate right to act as police in Germany. She added:
 "The monopoly of power lies exclusively with the State. Behavior that intimidates, threatens or provokes will not be tolerated. These 'Sharia Police' are not legitimate. Call 110 [police] when you meet these people."
 Wuppertal's public prosecutor, Wolf-Tilman Baumert, argued that the men, who wore orange vests emblazoned with the words "SHARIAH POLICE," had violated a law that bans wearing uniforms at public rallies. The law, which especially prohibits uniforms that express political views, was originally designed to prevent neo-Nazi groups from parading in public. According to Baumert, the vests were illegal because they had a "deliberate, intimidating and militant" effect.
 On November 21, 2016, however, the Wuppertal District Court ruled that the vests technically were not uniforms, and in any event did not pose a threat. The court said that witnesses and passersby could not possibly have felt intimidated by the men, and that prosecuting them would infringe on their freedom of expression. The "politically correct" decision, which may be appealed, effectively authorizes the Sharia Police to continue enforcing Islamic law in Wuppertal.
 German Courts and Sharia Law
 German courts are increasingly deferring to Islamic law because either the plaintiffs or the defendants are Muslim. Critics say the cases — especially those in which German law has taken a back seat to Sharia law — reflect a dangerous encroachment of Islamic law into the German legal system.
 In May 2016, for example, an appeals court in Bamberg recognized the marriage of a 15-year-old Syrian girl to her 21-year-old cousin. The court ruled that the marriage was valid because it was contracted in Syria, where such marriages are allowed according to Sharia law, which does not set any age limit to marriage. The ruling effectively legalized Sharia child marriages in Germany.
 The case came about after the couple arrived at a refugee shelter in Aschaffenburg in August 2015. The Youth Welfare Office (Jugendamt) refused to recognize their marriage and separated the girl from her husband. The couple filed a lawsuit and a family court ruled in favor of the Youth Welfare Office, which claimed to be the girl's legal guardian.
 The court in Bamberg overturned that ruling. It determined that, according to Sharia law, the marriage is valid because it has already been consummated, and therefore the Youth Welfare Office has no legal authority to separate the couple.
 The ruling — which was described as a "crash course in Syrian Islamic marriage law" — ignited a firestorm of criticism. Some accused the court in Bamberg of applying Sharia law over German law to legalize a practice that is banned in Germany.
 Critics of the ruling pointed to Article 6 of the Introductory Act to the German Civil Code (Einführungsgesetz zum Bürgerlichen Gesetzbuche, EGBGB), which states:
 "A legal standard of another State shall not be applied where its application results in an outcome which is manifestly incompatible with the essential principles of German law. In particular, it is not applicable if the application is incompatible with fundamental rights."
 This stipulation is routinely ignored, however, apparently in the interests of political correctness and multiculturalism. Indeed, Sharia law has been encroaching into the German justice system virtually unchecked for nearly two decades. Some examples include:
 In August 2000, a court in Kassel ordered a widow to split her late Moroccan husband's pension with another woman to whom the man was simultaneously married. Although polygamy is illegal in Germany, the judge ruled that the two wives must share the pension, in accordance with Moroccan law.
 In March 2004, a court in Koblenz granted the second wife of an Iraqi living in Germany the right to remain permanently in the country. The court ruled that after five years in a polygamous marriage in Germany, it would be unfair to expect her to return to Iraq.
 In March 2007, a judge in Frankfurt cited the Koran in a divorce case involving a German-Moroccan woman who had been repeatedly beaten by her Moroccan husband. Although police ordered the man to stay away from his estranged wife, he continued to abuse her and at one point threatened to kill her. Judge Christa Datz-Winter refused to grant the divorce. She quoted Sura 4, Verse 34 of the Koran, which justifies "both the husband's right to use corporal punishment against a disobedient wife and the establishment of the husband's superiority over the wife." The judge was eventually removed from the case.
 In December 2008, a court in Düsseldorf ordered a Turkish man to pay a €30,000 ($32,000) dowry to his former daughter-in-law, in accordance with Sharia law.
 In October 2010, a court in Cologne ruled that an Iranian man must pay his ex-wife a dower of €162,000 euros ($171,000), the current equivalent value of 600 gold coins, in accordance with the original Sharia marriage contract.
 In December 2010, a court in Munich ruled that a German widow was entitled to only one-quarter of the estate left by her late husband, who was born in Iran. The court awarded the other three-quarters of the inheritance to the man's relatives in Tehran in accordance with Sharia law.
 In November 2011, a court in Siegburg allowed an Iranian couple to be divorced twice, first by a German judge according to German law, and then by an Iranian cleric according to Sharia law. The director of the Siegburg District Court, Birgit Niepmann, said the Sharia ceremony "was a service of the court."
 In July 2012, a court in Hamm ordered an Iranian man to pay his estranged wife a dower as part of a divorce settlement. The case involved a couple who married according to Sharia law in Iran, migrated to Germany and later separated. As part of the original marriage agreement, the husband promised to pay his wife a dower of 800 gold coins payable upon demand. The court ordered the husband to pay the woman €213,000 ($225,000), the current equivalent value of the coins.
 In June 2013, a court in Hamm ruled that anyone who contracts marriage according to Islamic law in a Muslim country and later seeks a divorce in Germany must abide by the original terms established by Sharia law. The landmark ruling effectively legalized the Sharia practice of "triple-talaq," obtaining a divorce by reciting the phrase "I divorce you" three times.
 In July 2016, a court in Hamm ordered a Lebanese man to pay his estranged wife a dower as part of a divorce settlement. The case involved a couple who married according to Sharia law in Lebanon, migrated to Germany and later separated. As part of the original marriage agreement, the husband promised to pay his wife a dower of $15,000. The German court ordered him to pay her the equivalent amount in euros.
 In an interview with Spiegel Online, Islam expert Mathias Rohe said that the existence of parallel legal structures in Germany is an "expression of globalization." He added: "We apply Islamic law just as we do French law."
 Sharia Courts in Germany
 A growing number of Muslims in Germany are consciously bypassing German courts altogether and instead are adjudicating their disputes in informal Sharia courts, which are proliferating across the country. According to one estimate, some 500 Sharia judges are now regulating civil disputes between Muslims in Germany — a development that points to the establishment of a parallel Islamic justice system in the country.
 A major reason for the growth in Sharia courts is that Germany does not recognize polygamy or marriages involving minors.
 The German Interior Ministry, responding to a Freedom of Information Act request, recently revealed that 1,475 married children are known to be living in Germany as of July 31, 2016 — including 361 children who are under the age of 14. The true number of child marriages in Germany is believed to be much higher than the official statistics suggest, because many are being concealed.
 Polygamy, although illegal under German law, is commonplace among Muslims in all major German cities. In Berlin, for example, it is estimated that fully one-third of the Muslim men living in the Neukölln district of the city have two or more wives.
 According to an exposé broadcast by RTL, one of Germany's leading media companies, Muslim men residing in Germany routinely take advantage of the social welfare system by bringing two, three or four women from across the Muslim world to Germany, and then marrying them in the presence of a Muslim cleric. Once in Germany, the women request social welfare benefits, including the cost of a separate home for themselves and for their children, on the claim of being a "single parent with children."
 Although the welfare fraud committed by Muslim immigrants is an "open secret" costing German taxpayers millions of euros each year, government agencies are reluctant to take action due to political correctness, according to RTL.
 Chancellor Angela Merkel once declared that Muslims must obey the constitution and not Sharia law if they want to live in Germany. More recently, Justice Minister Heiko Maas said:
 "No one who comes here has the right to put his cultural values or religious beliefs above our law. Everyone must abide by the law, no matter whether they have grown up here or have only just arrived."
 In practice, however, German leaders have tolerated a parallel Islamic justice system, one which allows Muslims to take the law into their own hands, often with tragic consequences.
 On November 20, 2016, for example, a 38-year-old German-Kurdish man in Lower Saxony tied one end of a rope to the back of his car and the other end around the neck of his ex-wife. He then dragged the woman through the streets of Hameln. The woman, who survived, remains in critical condition.
 The newsmagazine, Focus, reported that the man was a "strictly religious Muslim who married and divorced the woman according to Sharia law." It added: "Under German law, however, the two were not married." Bild reported that the man was married "once under German law and four times under Sharia law."
 The crime, which has drawn renewed attention to the problem of Sharia justice in Germany, has alarmed some members of the political and media establishment.
 Wolfgang Bosbach, of the ruling Christian Democratic Union (CDU), said: "Even if some people refuse to admit it, a parallel justice system has established itself in Germany. This act shows a clear rejection of our values ​​and legal order."
 On November 23, Bild, the largest-circulation newspaper in Germany, warned that the country was "capitulating to Islamic law." In a special "Sharia Report" it stated:
 "The 2013 coalition agreement between the CDU and the Social Democrats promised: 'We want to strengthen the state's legal monopoly. We will not tolerate illegal parallel justice.' But nothing has happened."
 In a commentary, Franz Solms-Laubach, Bild's parliamentary correspondent, wrote:
 "Even if we still refuse to believe it: Parts of Germany are ruled by Islamic law! Polygamy, child marriages, Sharia judges — for far too long the German rule of law has not been enforced. Many politicians dreamed of multiculturalism....
 "This is not a question of folklore or foreign customs and traditions. It is a question of law and order.
 "If the rule of law fails to establish its authority and demand respect for itself, then it can immediately declare its bankruptcy."
 Soeren Kern is a Senior Fellow at the New York-based Gatestone Institute. He is also Senior Fellow for European Politics at the Madrid-based Grupo de Estudios Estratégicos / Strategic Studies Group. Follow him on Facebook and on Twitter.
 © 2016 Gatestone Institute. All rights reserved. The articles printed here do not necessarily reflect the views of the Editors or of Gatestone Institute. No part of the Gatestone website or any of its contents may be reproduced, copied or modified, without the prior written consent of Gatestone Institute.

Keith Ellison - The Wrong Man at the Wrong Time
Alan M. Dershowitz/Gatestone Institute/ /December 01/16
https://www.gatestoneinstitute.org/9460/keith-ellison-the-wrong-man-at-the-wrong-time
What should a political party that has just lost its white working-class, blue-collar base to a "make America great again" nationalist do to try to regain these voters? Why not appoint as the new head of the party a radical left-wing ideologue who has a long history of supporting an anti-American, anti-white, anti-Semitic Nation of Islam racist? Such an appointment will surely bring back rust-belt voters who have lost their jobs to globalization and free trade! Is this really the thinking of those Democratic leaders who are pushing for Keith Ellison to head the Democratic National Committee?
 Keith Ellison is, by all accounts, a decent guy, who is well liked by his congressional colleagues. But it is hard to imagine a worse candidate to take over the DNC at this time. Ellison represents the extreme left wing of the Democratic Party, just when the party -- if it is to win again -- must move to the center in order to bring back the voters it lost to Trump. The Democrats didn't lose because their candidates weren't left enough. They won the votes of liberals. The radical voters they lost to Jill Stein were small in number and are not likely to be influenced by the appointment of Ellison. The centrist voters they lost to Trump will only be further alienated by the appointment of a left-wing ideologue, who seems to care more about global issues than jobs in Indiana, Wisconsin and Michigan. Ellison's selection certainly wouldn't help among Jewish voters in Florida, Ohio and Pennsylvania or pro-Israel Christian voters around the country.
 Ellison's sordid past associations with Louis Farrakhan -- the long time leader of the Nation of Islam -- will hurt him in Middle America, which has little appetite for Farrakhan's anti-American ravings. Recently, Farrakhan made headlines for visiting Iran on the 35th anniversary of the Islamic Revolution where he berated the United States, while refusing to criticize Iran's human rights violations. Farrakhan also appeared as a special guest speaker of the Iranian president at a rally, which featured the unveiling of a float reenacting Iran's detention of 10 U.S. Navy sailors in the Persian Gulf.
 In addition to embracing American enemies abroad, Farrakhan has exhibited a penchant for lacing his sermons with anti-Semitic hate speech. Around the time that Ellison was working with the Nation of Islam, for example, Farrakhan was delivering speeches attacking "the synagogue as Satan." He described Jews as "wicked deceivers of the American people" that have "wrapped [their] tentacles around the U.S. government" and are "deceiving and sending this nation to hell." Long after Jesse Jackson disavowed Farrakhan in 1984 as "reprehensible and morally indefensible" for describing Judaism as a "gutter religion," Ellison was defending Farrakhan and the Nation of Islam in 1995 as a role model for African-Americans, calling him "a tireless public servant of Black people, who constantly teaches self-reliance and self-examination to the Black community."
 Congressman Keith Ellison's (left) sordid past associations with Louis Farrakhan (right) -- the long time leader of the Nation of Islam -- will hurt him in Middle America, which has little appetite for Farrakhan's anti-American ravings. (Image sources: Ellison/Center for American Progress; Farrakhan/Smithsonian Institute)
 Ellison has struggled to explain his association with Farrakhan and the Nation of Islam. He has acknowledged working with the Nation of Islam for about 18 months to organize the Minnesota delegation to Farrakhan's 1995 Million Man March in Washington. However, Ellison insists that he never joined the Nation of Islam and more recently, he has held himself out as a friend of the Jewish people and of Israel. This late conversion coincided with Ellison's decision to pursue elected office in Minnesota, and an apparent realization that his association with the Nation of Islam might hurt his political fortunes. In 2006, he wrote a letter to the Jewish Community Relations Council in Minneapolis, in which he apologized for failing to "adequately scrutinize the positions" of Farrakhan and other Nation of Islam leaders. "They were and are anti-Semitic, and I should have come to that conclusion earlier than I did." In his recently released memoir "My Country, 'Tis of Thee: My Faith, My Family, Our Future," Ellison writes of Farrakhan:
 "He could only wax eloquent while scapegoating other groups" and of the Nation of Islam "if you're not angry in opposition to some group of people (whites, Jews, so-called 'sellout' blacks), you don't have religion."
 Ellison's voting record also does not support his claim that he has become a "friend" of Israel. He was one of only 8 Congressmen who voted against funding the Iron Dome program, developed jointly by the U.S. and Israel, which helps protect Israeli civilians from Hamas rockets. In 2009, Ellison was one of only two dozen Congressmen to vote "present" rather than vote for a non-binding resolution "recognizing Israel's right to defend itself against attacks from, reaffirming the United States' strong support for Israel, and supporting the Israeli-Palestinian peace process." And in 2010, Ellison coauthored a letter to President Obama, calling on him to pressure Israel into opening the border with Gaza. The letter describes the blockade of the Hamas-controlled Gaza strip as "de facto collective punishment of the Palestinian residents."
 Even beyond Ellison's past associations with anti-American and anti-Semitic bigotry and his troubling current voting record with regard to Israel, his appointment as head of the DNC would be a self-inflicted wound on the Democratic Party at this critical time in its history. It would move the party in the direction of left-wing extremism at a time when centrist stability is required. The world at large is experiencing a movement toward extremes, both right and left. The Democratic Party must buck that dangerous trend and move back to the center where the votes are, and where America should be.
 © 2016 Gatestone Institute. All rights reserved. The articles printed here do not necessarily reflect the views of the Editors or of Gatestone Institute. No part of the Gatestone website or any of its contents may be reproduced, copied or modified, without the prior written consent of Gatestone Institute. 
  
France: Islamists Target Transportation Companies

Yves Mamou/Gatestone Institute /December 01/16
https://www.gatestoneinstitute.org/9182/france-islamists-transport
The affair at France's huge state-owned transport company, RATP, is the story of failed integration. The company, tired of seeing its buses stoned and burned regularly in some Paris suburbs, began to hire as drivers young Muslims who were living in the suburbs. The result of this hiring policy is that buses continue to be stoned in the suburbs, but Islamist ideology is now spreading within the company.
At France's national railway (SNCF), as at RATP and Air France, similar problems are arising: mainstream unions are losing ground to religion. Unions have to accept infiltration by Islamists, or they lose elections.
In daily life, the company tries to cope with the fact that prayer comes first, before serving the public. Trains can be delayed because of a driver's prayers, changing rooms become prayer rooms, men refuse to shake the hand of female colleagues, and intolerance of homosexuals is spreading.
French companies try to cope with Islamism in its two modes: the soft one -- veils spreading throughout every office, an increase in lawsuits against employers on religious grounds; and the hard one -- terrorism and threats of Islamic terrorism.
According to the French satirical weekly, Le Canard Enchaîné, in October, 40 Air France plane fuel hatches were covered in graffiti stating: "Allahu Akbar" ("Allah is Greatest"). Citing anti-terror police, the magazine reported that airplane functions had been deliberately tampered with and that the pilots' communications and engine control from the cockpit kept failing.
This repeated sabotage of several planes was spotted thanks to standardized safety checks. A quick police investigation identified an employee of Air France to be the responsible party. The problem: this French convert to Islam, knowing he was under suspicion, already left the country. He is now said to "be a refugee in Yemen, while his wife continues to lead an Islamic school near Orly [another airport close to Paris]." Added to this, Air France computer systems were hacked: Last Christmas, security announcements on a Paris-Amsterdam flight were programmed to be automatically delivered in Arabic. A computer bug, Air France said.
The Geovision system that allows Air France passengers to follow their route on a world map has been hacked twice. As a consequence, Israel was wiped off the map and replaced by "Gaza." Finally, in another recent incident, a ramp agent refused to guide a plane that had just landed, on the grounds that the captain was a woman.
Of course, Air France's public relations department has denied all of the press reports, and claimed they were "unfounded rumors or events out of context." It is also possible, in fact, that many of the 40 planes were vandalized at airports in North Africa.
It is not the first time that Air France and Aeroports de Paris (AdP), the company that manages Parisian airports, have been the target of Islamists threats. On December 12, 2015, Philippe Martinez, head of the powerful CGT union, declared on France Info public radio, that these "Islamist deviations" were "unacceptable."
"At Air France, we have excluded from the ranks of our union all people of this [Islamist] type... We fired them at a cost, because we lost first place at the professional elections [of delegates in each company]. We have fired 500 CGT card-holders in this affair."
Martinez implied -- with no real explanation - that his union had been the target of a successful infiltration maneuver.
"You know how things go... One [Islamist] leader comes, he takes his CGT card, and then he makes all the others take their card."
"All the others" were 500 people in a CGT union with 2000 card-holders at Charles de Gaulle Airport. CGT for years remained the most important union for Air France, because Muslims employees vote on sectarian grounds for Muslim CGT delegates. For years, CGT easily won professional elections. But at the end of the process, the CGT confederation had lost power within an Air France union totally controlled by Islamists.
In 2011, Air France's Islamist CGT union tried to impose halal meat on all employees -- Muslims and non-Muslims alike -- at the restaurant for ground employees at Charles de Gaulle Airport. This halal operation failed because all other unions (not infiltrated by Islamists) strongly campaigned against it.
Ronald Noirot, general secretary of the CFE-CGC (a union for managers), declared on December 2, 2015:
"for a long time, certain behavior was causing trouble in Air France's activities. Some Muslim employees refused to shake hands with their boss because she was a woman. In the freight business, some Muslim employees refused to carry containers with alcohol bottles inside. This is not necessarily connected to a radicalization, but one is entitled to ask questions."
At the beginning of 2015, 50 Muslim employees at Roissy-Charles de Gaulle, who were working in "sensitive zones" (with access to planes and luggage) had their magnetic security passes withheld. Four thousand cloakroom lockers were searched by police for security reasons. The results of this investigation have not been released.
Air France is a sensitive company, because aircraft are a traditional target for terrorists, but other transportation companies are also suspected of having been infiltrated by Islamists.
On November 17, 2015 -- four days after the largest terrorist attack ever in France -- Le Parisien revealed that Samy Amimour, one of the suicide bombers who killed 89 people at the Bataclan Theater on November 13, had worked for 15 months as a bus driver at the Autonomous Operator of Parisian Transport (RATP). The company confirmed the information a few days later. RATP is a huge state-owned company that operates all of Paris's subways and buses.
Because of Samy Aminour, old facts, neglected by the mainstream media, were suddenly considered. In December 2012 for example, around 20 bus drivers belonging to the CGT union had denounced the chilling work environment created by Islamist bus drivers at the bus depot of Nanterre (the western suburb of Paris). Some women bus drivers were complaining that their Muslim colleagues refused to shake their hands; others complained that some Muslims refused to drive a bus that was driven before them by a female driver.
On November 26, 2012, Ghislaine Duménil, a female bus driver wrote a letter to Pierre Mongin, CEO of RATP
You were notified in a July 16th letter, about the "difficulties" (a weak word) we encounter in our work because of our colleagues fundamentalist Islamists.
These "difficulties" are still not settled, and are worsening.
Apart from the fact that new beards have grown, and the contempt for women continued... a driver refused to take the bus at the time of shift-change, on the pretext that a woman machinist had driven the bus before him.
In the same period, Muslim machinists "watched" other Muslim employees to be sure that each of them fasted during Ramadan. Thus we have witnessed moral lessons on "recalcitrant" Muslim employees.
Clandestine prayers in the workplace are no longer just by the fundamentalists, but by our Muslim colleagues whom we called moderates.
Letters of this type were sent to CEO on February 4, 2013, on June 29, 2015 and on July 29, 2015.
After the terrorist attacks of November 2015 (129 killed, 354 wounded), Christophe Salmon, head of CFDT union at RATP, said that RATP has let Islamists' "behavior become trivialized," as in "the refusal to shake hands with female colleagues, or in the refusal to take a bus that had been driven by a woman." But the denunciation of Islamist deviations by CFDT came at a cost: the CFDT collapsed in the last professional elections, with only 5.1% of the vote. The Secretary General of CFDT, Laurent Gardoni, explained this poor score by the "rise of a sectarian unionism" -- that is, Islamist unionism.
The RATP affair is the story of failed integration. The state-owned transportation company, tired of seeing its buses stoned and burned regularly in some Paris suburbs, began to hire as drivers young Muslims who were living in the suburbs. The result of this hiring policy is that buses continue to be stoned in the suburbs, but Islamist ideology is now spreading within the company.
France's national rail company, SNCF, is also not immune to the Islamist threat. In November 2015, the head of SNCF, Guillaume Pepy, admitted that some railway workers had been transferred, after a report from the intelligence services.
When counterterrorism services identify a suspect inside the train company, they do not give us the "S mark note" (people identified as threats are marked "S" by intelligence services), but they give us the information that a "specific action" must be taken against this or this person. We do not fire the person, but depending to his position, he can be transferred.
SNCF agents have therefore been excluded from jobs deemed sensitive. "No signal box, or switching station, not in the armed security service, not as a train driver," listed Guillaume Pepy. "You transfer these people to other departments in the company."
At SNCF, as at RATP and Air France, similar problems are arising: mainstream unions are losing ground to religion. Unions have to accept infiltration by Islamists, or they lose elections. In daily life, the company tries to cope with the fact that prayer comes first, before serving the public. Trains can be delayed because of a driver's prayers, changing rooms become prayer rooms, men refuse to shake the hand of female colleagues, and intolerance of homosexuals is spreading.
**Yves Mamou is a journalist and author based in France. He worked for two decades for the daily, Le Monde, before his retirement.
© 2016 Gatestone Institute. All rights reserved. The articles printed here do not necessarily reflect the views of the Editors or of Gatestone Institute. No part of the Gatestone website or any of its contents may be reproduced, copied or modified, without the prior written consent of Gatestone Institute.

Syria in Crisis A Turning Point in Aleppo
Aron Lund/Carnegie/ /December 01/16
A defeat will leave Syria’s opposition at a dead end, with little chance of reversing the tide of war.
Within the past week entire neighborhoods in the rebel-held enclave of eastern Aleppo have fallen to the Syrian government. In this dense urban terrain, forces loyal to President Bashar al-Assad have advanced at a speed that few had thought possible.
As rebel control over eastern Aleppo crumbles, the Syrian government must feel that it is winning. Its strategy, both ruthless and relentless, has paid off. Without Aleppo the Syrian opposition and its foreign backers will have no practical way forward, against a regime that seems more safely embedded in the heartland of the country than at any point in the past five years.
With so much currently up in the air, a new U.S. president on his way into office who has expressed doubts about the Syrian opposition, and the European Union preparing to reorganize its Syria policy, developments in Aleppo could well change the parameters of the Syrian conflict.
The Breakthrough in Aleppo
Starting on November 27, the defenses of Aleppo’s rebel-held area suddenly gave way, allowing the government to try cutting the enclave into two. Fearing encirclement, opposition forces in the northern part of the enclave fled south, while civilians scattered in every direction—some deeper into rebel areas, some toward government-held western Aleppo. The resulting chaos enabled new regime gains. Since then, government forces and their allies have also moved into the southern Sheikh Said district, and as aircraft pummel the city, they are now putting pressure on rebel forces from nearly every direction.
The reasons for this sudden collapse remain obscure. Perhaps there were, as some have speculated, backroom deals and betrayals, or perhaps the rebels were in disarray after infighting earlier in November. In the end the truth may be straightforward: With rebel resources having been depleted by a six-month siege, the insurgents could not hold out against far superior forces.
Still, fighting in a place such as Aleppo is arduous, and it is possible that the government offensive will stall. The Russian government is reportedly still talking to both the United States and to the Syrian rebels about a truce, as opposed to a full army victory, though it seems unlikely that Assad is on board with the idea. The situation could drag on for another round or two—whether counted in days, weeks, or months—with the pro-Assad forces reportedly seeking full control over the city by January. Whatever the timeframe, the final outcome now seems inevitable: Assad will retake eastern Aleppo.
Should this happen it would represent a dramatic defeat, with powerful political repercussions for the Syrian opposition. Though many have sworn to continue fighting, some are likely to conclude that without Aleppo and with Donald Trump in the White House, there is no longer any hope of achieving a victory over Assad.
Erdogan’s Mind is Elsewhere
A defeat in Aleppo will leave the Syrian opposition at a dead end not just because it will have lost its most important piece of real estate, but because the remaining rebel strongholds are of little use as platforms to reverse the tide of war.
The most interesting area is the rebel zone carved out thanks to Turkish military intervention northeast of Aleppo, in battles against the self-proclaimed Islamic State. Here, the prospect of military backing from Turkey’s fiercely anti-Assad president, Recep Tayyip Erdogan, has raised the opposition’s hopes of breaking the siege of Aleppo. But that is unlikely, for three reasons.
First, the purpose of the Turkish intervention was to clear the area from Islamic State jihadis and ensure that the vacuum was not filled by Kurdish forces aligned with the Kurdistan Workers’ Party, or PKK. For all of Erdogan’s loathing of Assad, it doesn’t come close to his hatred of the PKK. Indeed, if Erdogan’s primary concern had been to overthrow the Syrian president, he wouldn’t have diverted thousands of Syrian rebel combatants to help him clean up the border region when they were so desperately needed in Aleppo.
Second, the Turkish intervention was based on an understanding with Russia, which is committed to protecting Assad. How Ankara and Moscow plan to divide the border area is unclear and may be up for renegotiation, and there may well be clashes between Turkish- and Russian-backed forces (perhaps even some friction between Russian and Turkish troops). But we know that neither Russia nor Turkey is interested in a major conflict, having spent so much time improving their relations—and also because Turkey’s NATO membership greatly raises the stakes of any confrontation.
Third, if Erdogan had any intention of breaking the siege of Aleppo, he would have done so long ago. It makes no sense for him to wait until Assad has virtually destroyed the rebel enclave to try saving it now.
After a long and telling silence, the Turkish president recently spoke out on Aleppo, saying his intervention in August had been to “end the rule of the cruel Assad.” Unsurprisingly, this met with immediate Russian pushback, as a Kremlin spokesperson said it would be in touch with Turkey to seek an explanation. The actual explanation? Most likely, Erdogan is simply trying to save face.
If Turkish intentions northeast of Aleppo are not what the opposition had hoped for, Ankara’s involvement in Idlib has so far been more clearly aligned with the rebel cause. The area, which fell completely to Syrian rebels in spring 2015, still receives strong support from across the Turkish border and has served as a staging ground for attacks in Aleppo, Hama, and Latakia.
The Idlib rebellion is strong and well implanted. It is a real threat to Assad. But though it contains many different groups, it is strategically dominated by hardline Islamists such as Ahrar al-Sham and Jabhat Fatah al-Sham, the new incarnation of Jabhat al-Nusra that has links to Al-Qaeda and is riddled with international jihadis. These groups are formidable enemies of the regime, but they are also too toxic to gain Western endorsement. Policymakers in Doha and Ankara have shown a higher threshold of tolerance for jihadism than their colleagues in Washington, but Jabhat Fatah al-Sham is ultimately a step too far for everyone.
In other words, while it will remain a thorn in Assad’s side, the Idlib region is unlikely to serve as the springboard for a foreign-backed strategy to end Assad rule.
All Quiet on the Southern Front
The insurgency in southern Syria relies on groups gathered into a coalition known as the Southern Front, which is more palatable to the United States and its allies. These groups are held on a tight leash by the U.S.-backed, Jordan-based Military Operations Center, and their willingness to play by rules imposed from abroad is what has made them an attractive partner.
But being a proxy force has its disadvantages. The southern rebellion has been virtually frozen for the past year. The battles petered out after Russia negotiated some form of deal with Jordan on Bashar al-Assad’s behalf, which was endorsed by opposition sponsors who worried about chaos spreading to Jordan and Lebanon. Having once hitched their fortunes to foreign funding, the Southern Front rebels do not have many other options.
It is possible, of course, that the Military Operations Center and Jordan will agree to reignite the southern rebellion to compensate for the loss of Aleppo. But even then it beggars belief, given their timid behavior until now and the importance they place on Jordanian and Lebanese stability, that the opposition’s foreign backers would approve of rebel offensives that threaten Bashar al-Assad’s hold on Damascus. And if not that, then what’s the point?
Indeed, around Damascus the regime has made significant advances in 2016 and is now mopping up pockets of rebel territory. The fall of Darayya in August was followed by pressure to surrender on other suburbs and outlying towns. Rebel fighters from the western area of Khan al-Shih have now begun to evacuate towards Idlib, and a similar deal is likely in Al-Tell, north of Damascus.
The main remaining rebel stronghold is east of Damascus in the Ghouta region. However, it is not in good shape. Last spring, the besieged enclave became the scene of severe infighting. Since then, the East Ghouta has been divided. The Syrian regime has so far focused its fire on a Salafi group known as the Islam Army (Jaish al-Islam), seizing large areas in what looks like a deliberate divide-and-conquer strategy. “The Syrian regime is an evil regime,” says a local activist named Alaa, who spoke to me over Skype. “They are constantly trying to create unrest. Sometimes they attack on certain fronts while holding back on others.”
The army is now putting pressure on the Islam Army-held city of Douma to negotiate a ceasefire, as a step towards dismantling rebel control over the East Ghouta enclave. According to a source on the government side in Damascus, truce talks have also started with another rebel group in nearby Harasta. The enclave is larger than eastern Aleppo in terms of territory and population, and it may hold out for some time, but it is difficult to imagine that the rebels will reverse the momentum of the regime.
Poor Prospects for the Opposition
It would be foolish to predict events. The chaos in Syria has a habit of undermining the best-laid plans. Perhaps the always unpredictable Recep Tayyip Erdogan will throw his weight behind a rebel offensive in Aleppo after all.
But going by what we now know, things look bad for the opposition. With eastern Aleppo and the East Ghouta contained and ripe for resolution on the government's terms, Assad seems well on his way to stable control over Syria's core area. If the opposition remains unable to stage a meaningful counter-offensive, he could negotiate or fight his way into new areas, including some of those currently in the hands of the Islamic State.
Of course, much depends on the regime’s own abilities, and it has real weaknesses. It is exhausted economically and short on fighting men. Its failure to engage in constructive compromises or to provide a political opening for opponents ready to shift direction has further cemented its isolation. And yet, at the end of the day, this is a war, and Assad’s military gains on the ground will sooner or later translate into political advantage.
 
Is Israel being pulled into Syrian war?

Ben Caspit/Al Monitor/December 01/16
Since the outbreak of the civil war in Syria in 2011, Israel has succeeded in maneuvering between the different players in this complex arena without getting swept into the fire itself. Israeli deterrence has succeeded in stabilizing an alignment of checks and balances that has proven itself: Hezbollah’s attempts to open a “second front” against Israel on the Golan Heights — in addition to the Israeli-Lebanese border — have been blocked and have failed. The Israeli Golan is usually quiet, while on the other side, at a distance of several hundred meters, an intransigent and brutal war is taking place between Assad’s forces, backed by Hezbollah, and the rebel forces.
With growing tension in the Golan Heights and fears of the Syrian civil war spilling over, the IDF is establishing special commando units able to confront IS-affiliated militants.
Every so often an errant mortar shell lands on the Israeli side, the IDF responds with force and destroys a Syrian army position, and quiet returns. That’s how it has been handled for more than five years. In the background, the slander continues regarding Israel’s alleged cooperation with the Shuhada al-Yarmouk organization (Yarmouk Martyrs Brigade), the local branch of the Islamic State (IS) that controls a limited sector on the Israeli border on the Golan Heights. Senior Israeli figures have strongly denied such cooperation for the entire period. “We have no connection or interest with them,” a senior officer in the sector told Al-Monitor on condition of anonymity. “Israel doesn’t interest them, and as long as that’s the situation, they don’t interest us.”
The only interface between the two sides so far took place at the field hospital Israel established on the Golan Heights, to which some of the injured in the battles on the Syrian Golan have arrived in recent years. “When injured fighters arrive, we don’t check with whom they’re affiliated and we treat them,” an Israeli minister told Al-Monitor on condition of anonymity.
This idyll ended Nov. 27. A force from the Golani patrol battalion was on reconnaissance across the border fence near the Israeli village of Nov, where there is an enclave over the border administered by Israel. Suddenly a vehicle patrol of IS fighters attacked the Israeli force. They fired on the Israeli force with heavy machine guns and small arms and fired mortar shells at them. The Golani soldiers responded with fire. At the same time, an Israeli plane arrived and destroyed the attacking vehicle, killing the four terrorists in it. “For the first time here, we saw a real battle,” a senior Israeli source told Al-Monitor on condition of anonymity. “It wasn’t [battle] overflow and it wasn’t a mistake. It was a planned attack.”
Late that same night the Israeli air force attacked and destroyed an abandoned United Nations post in the sector where the fighting took place on Syrian territory. According to military sources, the site has been used by rebels who identify with IS, the group that attacked the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) patrol a day earlier. The post was completely erased; several bombs weighing a ton each were dropped on it. “It was a warning and a demonstration of Israel’s capability,” an Israeli security source speaking on condition of anonymity told Al-Monitor. “We chose to attack this unoccupied site, but we wanted the other side to understand that we won’t accept a war of attrition on the border.”
Three rebel organizations recently united into one branch that has pledged allegiance to IS and is called the Army of Khaled ibn al-Walid. They are Shuhada al-Yarmouk, the best known of the three, which holds a narrow area on the southern Golan along the Israeli border; the Jihad Army, composed of fighters who defected from Jabhat al-Nusra; and al-Muthanna, which is active near the Daraa area.
Israel estimates that this unified branch has between 1,800 and 2,000 fighters armed with small arms, heavy machine guns and canons plundered from the Syrian army. They display great cruelty, including the decapitation of Syrian officers and fighters and displaying their heads on sticks at the entrance of villages or army bases that were captured. “As more pressure is exerted on IS in Mosul and Raqqa, the restlessness of its representatives in the Syrian Golan increases,” a senior Israeli officer told Al-Monitor on condition of anonymity. He added, “It may be that they received orders to open a front with us, and it could be that they just tried to do so of their own accord. We have tried to send them a message that a conflict with the IDF would not be worthwhile for them.”
Israeli Chief of Staff Lt. Gen. Gadi Eizenkot, upon taking the position, instructed the IDF to create a specialized commando unit composed of the military’s elite special forces, which would be subject to command under a special framework and would formulate a combat doctrine focused on terror organizations such as IS across enemy lines.
In mid-October, the commando unit held a large training exercise that was declared a big success. Now the IDF is considering establishing a second commando unit, and it seems on the path to creating the first commando division in the IDF. The move reflects the deep change the Israeli military is undergoing, which is giving up more and more heavy armor divisions in favor of light, flexible, airborne/parachuted commando forces, who can respond to the mixed multitude of terror groups congregated around Israel.
The IDF does not want to be caught off guard in the next round of violence, as happened with most of Israel’s wars since the 1967 Six-Day War. For a change, the army says, they're adjusting themselves for the next battle before it happens, not after. This is happening on the eve of the publication of the state comptroller’s report on 2014's Operation Protective Edge, when the IDF was caught with its pants down and without a suitable operational response to the threat of Hamas’ hellish tunnels.
At the same time, just to be safe, the Cabinet on Nov. 27 authorized the acquisition of 17 additional F-35 stealth fighter jets for the air force, which would increase the order of battle to 50 jets, or two full squadrons. Along with the Dolphin submarines purchased from Germany — as was reported in a previous article in Al-Monitor — Israel continues to build its strategic strength, while it is busy responding to microtactical threats along its borders.
The predawn Nov. 30 attack attributed to Israel — on a convoy of trucks delivering arms from the Syrian army to Hezbollah in Lebanon as well as on an arms warehouse on the outskirts of Damascus (so the Syrians claim, at least) — can demonstrate Israel’s capability, if it is responsible for the attacks, to focus on several fronts at the same time. Many such attacks have been attributed to the Israeli air force in recent years, but they have decreased since Russia’s massive entrance into the region. Under this assumption we can guess that the Nov. 30 attack signals to Syrian President Bashar al-Assad and Hezbollah that the red lines Israel has drawn in the region are still firm and valid. At the same time, all sides recognize that the Israeli effort to stop the fire on the border and not be dragged into the war in Syria is becoming more and more challenging and complicated. 

The KGB’s Middle East Files: The fight against Zionism and world Jewry
 Ronen Bergman/Ynetnews/Published: 01.12.16
 Break-ins, forgeries, creating front organizations and even planting bombs – all means were justified in the battle that the Soviet intelligence agency waged against the Zionist movement, the emigration of Jews from the USSR and the world’s major Jewish organizations. Classified documents now reveal that the agency’s leaders saw Zionism as a real threat to the Soviet empire, and did everything in their power against it.
 In January 1972, Operation Simon entered its final stage. A team from Service A, a key department in the KGB’s First Chief Directorate (which was responsible for collecting intelligence and special operations outside the USSR) traveled to Paris to gathered intelligence ahead of the operation. Service A was responsible, among other things, for the operations against Zionist and Jewish organizations, an issue of utmost importance as far as the omnipotent KGB head, Yuri Andropov, was concerned.
 In the Soviet intelligence’s glossary, Operation Simon meets the definition of “active measures.” Their practical meaning was “aimed at exerting useful influence on aspects of interest in the political life of a target country, including its foreign policy; the solution of international problems; misleading the adversary; undermining and weakening the adversary’s positions.”
 Operation Simon included secretly infiltrating the World Jewish Congress (WJC) offices in Paris and copying internal material—mostly documentation on the members of the large international organization— in order to map its ties to other key Jewish organization. The Russians’ surveillance of the headquarters, located in the heart of the City of Lights, revealed that the employees did not sense any danger. While the threat of global terrorism had already been raised at the time, no one in the WJC bothered to install an alarm system or have the offices guarded at night. A KGB team obtained a key to the front door from one of the employees and copied it.
  And so, on February 12, a KGB operative arrived in Paris to carry out the mission. His nickname was Chub, which in Russian means “a Cossack’s forelock.” Soviet intelligence humor, apparently.
 Chub easily infiltrated the building through the main entrance. He worked all night and photocopied a large number of documents. The loot was impressive: A list of the WJC’s 20,000 supporters in France, including their names, addresses and information on the donations each of them gave the organization, as well as the names of 3,000 subscribers in 55 countries of Information Juive – a newspaper for the French-speaking Jewish community.
 Chub quickly passed on the material to the Soviet Union’s embassy in Paris and returned to Vienna the same day using a fake passport. The material reached the desk of General Nikolai Kosov Antonovich, who was in charge of Service A. The operation, it later transpired, was relatively easy but not risk-free. In any event, it suggested just how much Andropov wanted to sabotage Jewish organizations.
 Operation Simon was merely a prelude to the real thing.
 In the year that followed, KGB experts worked to analyze the material Chub had stolen, leading to the planning of a wide-scale operation. On January 4, 1973, Kosov presented the planned cluster of operations to his boss Andropov, who approved it the next day, and the operation was underway shortly thereafter.
 The KGB created an entire series of sophisticated forgeries based on the stolen material and on the contact and member lists. The goal was to sow internal dissent and create a rift between the Jewish organizations, occupying them as much as possible with internal rows, while deepening the suspicion that they were stealing money from one another.
 Service A created a new fictitious Jewish organization, Union of Young Zionists – a name which may have sounded familiar to some. The intelligence gathering and research done ahead of the operation revealed that there really was an organization by that name, which was active in Poland in the 1930s and 1940s.
 The fictitious organization sent completely fabricated documents to addresses of members found in the documents that were stolen from the WJC headquarters. The fabricated documents framed WJC members of embezzling huge amounts of donations that were supposed to reach Israel and instead found their way into their own pockets.
 The World Zionist Organization (WZO) and its operational arm, the Jewish Agency, were also involved in the embezzlement, the fabricated documents suggested.
 They further revealed a link between the WJC and radical Jewish organizations that at the time were seeking to spur anti-Semitic activity in Western nations to encourage immigration to Israel.
 A man who worked in an executive role in the WJC in Paris during those years, and who I recently met there, told me: “It was clear to us that someone was meddling in our affairs. Suddenly, we began receiving feedback from numerous supporters, friends, and donors demanding answers, some using harsh words. They wanted to know what had happened to their donations. We realized we were subject to a serious campaign of disinformation. The rumors, the accusations, the stories about theft – all caused us great harm. There was a sharp drop in donations alongside an atmosphere of suspicion. Some suspected the French intelligence, while others suspected the Russians, but the majority really thought it was a competing organization trying to take our place. Those were very unpleasant days.”
 Did you file a complaint with the police?
 “I was not involved in matters of security, but I don’t think we did. The embarrassment caused by such a thing, that someone would put so much effort in creating a web of lies about us, or the embarrassment that would be caused by us even investigating the accusations in the letters, was so great that the people in charge decided to shelve the matter.”In October 1973, the KGB used information it obtained in Operation Simon to spread another libel: It created another front organization, this time a French pro-Israel organization, which was allegedly involved in the murder of a relative of then-French President Valéry Giscard d’Estaing. The murder, according to the non-existent organization, was in retaliation for the French president’s persecution of a group of Jewish financiers and because of his policy, which was hostile towards Israel. “The Moscow center was obsessed with the ‘Zionist subversion’ against the Soviet Union,” Prof. Christopher Andrew, the historian of the British intelligence community, told me. “To the point that they failed to understand how ridiculous it was to try to link the murder to Israel and to Zionism and that there was no chance people would believe this story. Although this libel probably did not cause any damage, and was anyway very far from Moscow’s original objective of taking ‘active steps’ against world Jewry and Zionism, they still saw the entire prank as a great success and were very proud of it.”
 A danger to world peace
 Chapter one of “The KGB’s Middle East Files,” a special series of articles which brings to light information mined from thousands of KGB documents smuggled to the West in the early 1990s, recounted the story of how Vasili Mitrokhin used his senior position as the spy agency’s deputy chief archivist to copy the top secret documents—with the Soviets being none the wiser.
  These documents helped expose some 1,000 KGB agents across the world and uncover countless covert spy operations. In addition, two books were published about them by Prof. Christopher Andrew in cooperation with Mitrokhin himself. Nevertheless, only part of the information they contain actually made it to Israel. In fact, much in this vast trove of information about the KGB’s operations in the Jewish state and its attitude towards world Jewry and Zionism remains secret.
 The Mitrokhin documents have recently been moved to Churchill College in Cambridge. Over the past six months, we’ve been working on sifting through them, translating them, and cross-referencing the material with other available information and sources.
 In the first part of the series, we published a list of agents who were handled in Israel, according to the Mitrokhin documents, including names of Knesset members, media personalities, senior engineers in sensitive projects and top IDF officers.
 The second part of our series of articles about the Mitrokhin documents revealed the secret ties between the KGB and the Palestinian terror organizations.
 In the third part of the series, the Mitrokhin documents reveal that Operation Simon and the operations derived from it were just one battle of the war waged by the KGB against the world Jewry and the Zionist Movement. While domestically, the Second Chief Directorate, which was in charge of internal security, fought against the “refuseniks”—the movement of Jewish emigration from the USSR, the First Chief Directorate was busy fighting a years-long war, with plenty of manpower and unlimited funds, against all the major Jewish organizations in the world.
 The KGB and politburo heads saw the Zionist and Jewish movements as a clear, immediate and real danger to world peace and to the integrity of the Soviet empire—“a danger which is only second to the main enemy, the United States.” And as farfetched as this may sound, they really believed in the Protocols of the Elders of Zion and were certain that the Jews were capable of anything.
 Beyond the historical interest in stories about the KGB’s war on world Jewry, it’s important to note that Russia is currently controlled by the agency’s graduates. In light of the Russians’ smear operations, lies, and imaginative and unethical rifts, the suspicions that Moscow tried to influence the recent US elections or to bring down the West’s Internet servers are definitely understandable.
 Yaakov Kedmi, who headed Nativ—an Israeli intelligence organization that maintained secret contact with Jews living in the Eastern Bloc during the Cold War and encouraged immigration to Israel— and is considered one of the senior experts in understanding the Soviet intelligence, told me that “the outlook of the leadership in the USSR and of the KGB was based on the notion that world Jewry was an extremely serious danger. They believed that its operations center was in the US and that it controlled the State of Israel from there, as well as controlling the American economy and financial system and the world’s trade and finance system.”
 In 1992, upon the Soviet empire’s downfall, Nativ launched a secret operation to obtain access to contacts in the former Soviet Union, getting hold of tens of thousands of documents from nations that were once behind the Iron Curtain.
 “We were able to learn just how well the KGB knew Israel and what was happening there, as well as the importance the organization ascribed to the Zionist movement and world Jewry,” says Kedmi. “The agency saw them as a key enemy, if not the main enemy. The harsh anti-Jewish approach was shaped by Andropov more than anyone. The first reason for this approach was personal: Andropov was not one-quarter Jewish, one-third Jewish or half Jewish. He was Jewish, period. I heard it from senior KGB people. Andropov knew that the party’s leadership was well aware of that, and some of them were infected with anti-Semitic racist attitudes. In order to prove that he was uninfluenced by his Jewish descent, and that he was genuinely pure when it came to that matter, he took the most radical line.”
 KGB chief and later Soviet leader Andropov
  KGB chief and later Soviet leader Andropov
 Israel’s close ties with the United States only exacerbated the matter. “The Russians knew very well that David Ben-Gurion had a clear American inclination, and that as far as he was concerned, Israel should do everything to be part of the Western bloc and sign a defense alliance with the US. They saw how the Americans excused Israel for starting the Six-Day War, forgave it for the creation of the nuclear reactor in Dimona and ignored it, helped Israel with weapons and supplies during the October 1973 war, etc. They discovered how strong the Jewish influence was in US election campaigns. In their conversations with non-Jewish senior American officials, they repeatedly heard complaints about one official or another who was unable to do something because the Jews got in his way.
 “As far as the Russians were concerned, the US-Israel relationship was a natural symbiosis in the Western imperialism, which was working against them. One is a continuation of the other. The questions of who wags whose tail and how the tail controls the dog were purely semantic in their eyes.”
 Caution: Matzah delivery
 True to his paranoid behavior, Andropov ordered the KGB to put great efforts in monitoring the ties between Soviet Jews and world Jewry. Even a matzah delivery from Jewish organizations abroad to their brethren in the USSR seemed like a very dangerous subversive act. Vladimir Bukovsky, a Russian oppositionist who spent many years in KGB interrogations and in prison, returned to the Soviet Union as a historian in the early 1990s and managed to photocopy many documents in the Kremlin archive. He discovered there a transcription of a top secret report Andropov had submitted to the politburo in March 1975, in which he said: “The delivery of these packages (of matzah) clearly intensifies the negative processes the Jewish population in the USSR is undergoing, strengthens their nationalist feelings and their support of emigration (to the West). The KGB believes the matzah arriving from abroad must be confiscated mmediately.”
 The organization allotted technological resources and a lot of manpower to monitoring phone calls between local Jews and Jews in the rest of the world. When it the Soviet Jews started complaining about the discrimination against them and presenting the USSR in a negative light, the KGB went to great lengths to cut off the phone communications between the “nationalist Jews” in the USSR and the “foreign elements supporting them”—in other words, Zionist organizations in the world.
 In June 1975, Andropov informed the politburo heads with great satisfaction that the organization had succeeded in preventing or disconnecting phone calls, although the Jews had tried to outsmart them by using non-Jewish names, using public phones or dialing directly instead of through switchboards. Andropov bragged that by clamping down on Soviet Jews’ phone calls abroad, the agency had caused “significant damage to Zionist organizations in the world.”
 The KGB saw the US as the global center of Judaism, and therefore as a place to invest great efforts in. On the other hand, the US did all it could to prevent the KGB from operating in its territory. Nevertheless, quite a few operations were carried out in the US as well, in a bid to muddy the local Jewish community’s name and create a conflict between the Jews and other monitories.
 For example, the KGB chose the Jewish Defense League (JDL), led by extreme right-wing activist Rabbi Meir Kahane, to help them unknowingly with this “active measure.” The JDL has tried to carry out attacks against Soviet targets, in protest of the USSR’s attitude towards Jews, which made it a target for the Russians. The KGB conducted intensive intelligence gathering activities on the JDL, its operation methods and the language it used to claim responsibility.
 Kahane arrested during a 1979 protest in front of the Soviet Embassy in the US against the USSR's treatment of Jews
  Kahane arrested during a 1979 protest in front of the Soviet Embassy in the US against the USSR’s treatment of Jews
 According to the Mitrokhin documents, in September 1969, and then again several months later, the KGB sent threatening letters on behalf of the JDL to several representatives of Arab states in the United Nations, threatening to carry out terror attacks against the Arab diplomats in revenge for Palestinian acts of terror against Israel and Jews.
 The objective was for the letters to spark a lot of anger, not just among the Arabs, but also among UN leaders and the US law enforcement authorities, as this was happening on their soil. Indeed, in response to the letters, the UN turned to the Israeli diplomatic mission and called for action against the JDL, while the FBI stepped up its operations against the group.
 But the highlight of this activity was an attempt to drive a wedge between the Jews and the blacks in America. On July 25, 1971, Anatoli Kireev, who was in charge of operations in the US, ordered the KGB branch in New York to launch Operation Pandora. As part of the operation, a series of explosive devices were planted in African-American neighborhoods in New York and in one “black” college. After their detonation—which did not cause significant damage—the KGB’s operatives claimed responsibility on behalf of the JDL. Pamphlets distributed in “black” areas described the “crimes” allegedly committed by the JDL and called for revenge. In addition, the KGB handed out pamphlets on behalf of the Party of National Rebirth, a group of alleged white nationalists, calling on Americans to save America from the Jews.
 Some say that the KGB’s operations against the JDL were the last straw as far as Kahane was concerned and the pressure put on him and his movement by the FBI became too much for him. So in September 1971 he left the US and immigrated to Israel.
 “The way the KGB saw it,” says Yaakov Kedmi, “getting involved with the JDL and the black community in order to create bloody conflicts was a very natural thing. The truth is that the Jews helped the black leadership in the US immensely.
 “The JDL acted against the USSR. As far as the Soviets were concerned, it was like killing two birds with one stone—both taking revenge on the JDL and making it responsible for the attacks on the blacks, and severing the ties between the Jews and the blacks in order to encourage the black revolt against the main government in Washington,” Kedmi adds.
 Delaying Jews’ emigration
 According to the Mitrokhin documents, in 1975 the KGB branch in New York was deeply involved in helping Russian and Arab diplomats gather votes for the UN General Assembly resolution that determined that “Zionism is racism.” In 1976, Andropov initiated a series of secret measures, which the KGB would lead among the global diplomatic community, to push for the appointment of a special committee to investigate Zionism, similar to the UN committee against apartheid. The Arab states, led by then-Syrian President Hafez Assad, eventually decided not to promote the committee. From the mid-1970s, the USSR toughened its policy on Jewish emigration to Israel. There were several reasons for the stricter policy: First of all, Andropov grew stronger and began serving as a full member of the politburo.
 Secondly, in 1975, the American Congress approved an amendment to the US-USSR trade act (the Jackson–Vanik amendment), which stipulated improvements in the USSR’s policy on human rights issues as a condition for a possible easing of American-imposed trade restrictions on the USSR. Suspicious as always, KGS officials were certain that world Jewry was behind the amendment, and so the Soviet Union’s human rights policy didn’t change and restrictions on Jews weren’t eased.
 A third reason was the Soviet Jews’ struggle to immigrate to Israel, which also included subversive operations by Jewish elements against the Soviets and the Americans using immigration permits to taunt the USSR.
 “The KGB realized that there was one key element behind this international campaign (to help Jews leave the USSR and immigrate to Israel)—the Nativ liaison bureau,” says Kedmi, who started as Nativ’s operations office and later became the head of the organization.
 What did you do to make them so angry?
 “Who did we not approach and who did we not turn against them—from famous writers to intellectuals, politicians, ambassadors, and actors. They were surprised to learn that a leader in one of the Central American countries, who was actually one of the Communist leaders in that country, had shamelessly pressured the Soviet ambassador to allow the Jews to leave. They suddenly discovered a strong organization using their exact same methods against them, and it drove them crazy.”
 Former Nativ head Yaakov Kedmi
 Former Nativ head Yaakov Kedmi
 Andropov’s response was indeed powerful. Part of the KGB’s work plan for 1976 was dedicated to a series of operations aimed at creating a conflict between Jewish government opponents who had left the USSR and other opponents, mainly Ukrainians who had left during World War II. A special effort was dedicated to the National Alliance of Russian Solidarists (NTS) organization, one of the main anti-Communist movements, in a bid to create a rift between the veteran members, who were mostly non-Jews, and convince them that the Jewish members were attempting to expel them.
 According to the Mitrokhin documents, considerable efforts were made in 1977 to defame Nazi hunter Simon Wiesenthal, allegedly on behalf of former Soviet Jews, after he had issued a series of harsh declarations against the Kremlin’s policy.
 In 1978, following a decision by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union to take “measures to expose the reactionary essence of world Zionism and the anti-Soviet Zionist activity,” the KGB and the association of Soviet jurists prepared “the white paper of Zionism”—a horrible lampoon including serious lies.
 Through the KGB’s secret channels, the book was distributed in 32 countries, handed to the leaderships of the Communist parties in the US, Canada and other countries, and distributed among parliament members, ministers and social activists from different countries, as well as representatives of international organizations, libraries and higher education institutions.
 The book includes, for example, the story of a former Soviet citizen named Abramov. On April 24, 1978, all shook up, she knocked on the doors of the Soviet embassy in Vienna and said that she had immigrated to Israel two years earlier with her son Oleg. Like the “absolute majority” of new immigrants from the USSR, the Abramov family also sought to return to the old homeland. It turned out, however, as Abramov testified, that “agents of a special security service, specializing in keeping the immigrants in Israel, pressured us day and night.”
 Her son Oleg eventually received a passport, but was murdered a week before the flight back home. “They wanted to murder me and my daughter as well,” she said. “A day before we left, we were badly beaten by them. At midnight, we escaped to the airport so that no one would see us. In the morning, we flew to Vienna.”Soviet Jewry’s battle against state authorities, and the buzz it created thanks to Jewish organizations, did not leave the USSR government indifferent. It knew very well that the country’s image suffered a serious blow in the global public opinion.
 KGB officials were convinced that this problematic reality, like almost every other problem, could be changed through “active measures” that would improve the USSR’s image as a country that actually treats its Jewish community well. The organization launched a series of operations, with the biggest one being against Lord Baron Immanuel Jakobovits, the chief rabbi of the United Hebrew Congregations of the Commonwealth and one of the most important intellectuals and leaders of British Jewry of all times, in addition to his immense contribution in the fields of ethics, morals and medicine.
 Lord Baron Immanuel Jakobovits
 Lord Baron Immanuel Jakobovits
 Jakobovits fought a lot for Soviet Jews and demanded that the country’s authorities “not just ‘let my people go’ but ‘let my people live’”—in other words, that they significantly improve Soviet Jewry’s religious and human rights.
 The rabbi had asked numerous times for permission to come and see for himself how the Jews were living beyond the Iron Curtain, and he was surely surprised when the approval finally came in November 1975. This unusual development, which was perceived as a good sign as to the USSR government’s attitude towards Jews, was even reported by the Jerusalem Post with a big headline. No one imagined that behind the charitable move was a sophisticated KGB plan, and that the rabbi had become the target of an “active measures” operation against him.
 The KGB put together a group of agents and operatives—the Mitrokhin documents detail the names and code names of 11 of them—who would be the ones to meet the rabbi and present him with an utterly distorted picture of the Jews’ situation.
 “Primarily, it’s important to get information about the plans of Rabbi Jakobovits and his delegation,” the Operation Order read.
 In order to do so, the rabbi and his secretary were placed under close surveillance, and one of the undercover operatives even befriended him. The Jews that met with the rabbi were strictly filtered by the KGB. Some were active agents and some were associated with the government one way or another. The agents presented the delegation with the achievements of Jewish writers and cultural figures in developing Jewish culture and art in the USSR.
 KGB agents with senior positions in the religious Jewish community were ordered to present community life in a positive light, “to talk about celebrating holidays and observing Shabbat at the synagogue, and to show the delegation a film about the birthday celebration for Rabbi Levin, the former rabbi of the Moscow synagogue.”
 There were other meetings with Jews who reported how good their life was and how they had no intention, even if they were given the option, of emigrating from the USSR. To further bolster the positive impression, the authorities “accepted” the rabbi’s request and allowed him to meet with Christian clerics, who were also KGB agents and who supported the accounts about the freedom of ritual and religion he had heard earlier.
 The operation was deemed a great success. The rabbi returned from the USSR, and although he had also held meetings with oppositionists and aliyah activists, the propaganda planted in his head deeply affected him. In interviews to the media, he said that the situation in the USSR was not that bad, that no more than 100,000 Jews wanted to leave, and that the focus should be less on the refuseniks’ struggles and more on improving the community’s situation in general. Even years after his visit, when he wrote his memoirs, he refused to acknowledge the fact that he had fallen victim to a sophisticated KGB trick.
 Jews under surveillance
 According to the Mitrokhin documents, however, not everyone in the Soviet leadership considered Zionism a great danger, or a danger at all. There were those in the politburo who argued that Andropov’s obsession “is making us look stupid.”In September 1978, when Soviet Foreign Minister Andrei Gromyko visited the White House, he was surprised to be reprimanded by President Jimmy Carter over a person whose name he was unfamiliar with—Anatoly Sharansky. He later changed his name to Natan Sharansky and went on to become a minister in the Israeli government and in 2009 was appointed the Chairman of the Executive of the Jewish Agency.
 Natan Sharansky (Photo: Gil Yohanan)
 Natan Sharansky (Photo: Gil Yohanan)
 Andropov had ordered to arrest Sharansky and was personally involved in hunting him down. The persecution continued until Sharansky was tried for treason, espionage and incitement and sentenced to 13 years in prison.
 After his meeting with the American president, in a conversation with Soviet ambassador in Washington Anatoli Dobrynin, Gromyko referred to Andropov’s obsession with Sharansky as “absurd.”
 But as far as Andropov was concerned, it was not absurd at all. In May 1979, he approved a special plan of operation against the international efforts in support of Sharansky. Andropov was especially concerned by a moratorium pledge for the protection of Yuri Orlov (a human rights activist and scientist in Russia) and Sharansky, which was signed by 2,400 American scientists and experts calling on American and Western scientists not to cooperate with Soviet counterparts until the two were released.
 The Operation Order, which can be found in the Mitrokhin archive, is long and complicated, and includes dozens of operation sections, such as defaming the moratorium’s organizers in the Western press; bribing American scientists to withdraw their support; creating a film named “Lie and Hate,” which would present Sharansky as a CIA agent; and distributing a proclamation on behalf of scientists, politicians and social activists from West Germany, Italy and other European countries, which would condemn the boycott of scientists and defend the scientific ties between the West and the USSR.
 In the first half of the 1980s, the refusenik movement—the most prominent aliyah activists—and the aliyah movement from the USSR reached their lowest point. KGB head Andropov and his successors happily informed the politburo—in a report which was partially correct at the time—that they had managed to suppress those movements, and that the Jews who were still active were under continuous surveillance by the agency and were unable to operate. Andropov reported, for example, in May 1981, that the KGB had managed to uncover plans for and prevent a meeting in a forest near Moscow both to commemorate the Holocaust and to protest authorities’ refusal to grant Jews exit permits.
 Since the early 1980s, as Soviet premier Leonid Brezhnev grew physically and mentally weaker, Andropov’s influence grew stronger. He was appointed to replace him upon his death in 1982, and served as the premier of the Soviet Union until 1984.
 During that period, the country’s relations with the US reached an unprecedented low and the tensions were the highest since the Cuban missile crisis. These tensions led to US President Ronald Reagan’s famous speech, in which he referred to the USSR as the “evil empire,” and increased the friction between the countries to the point of the threat of war. These tensions greatly affected the KGB, which saw the situation as another product of the Zionist plot—which dominates the American leadership’s state of mind—to undermine the stability of the Soviet bloc. As a result, the KGB expanded its activity against Zionism.
 According to the Mitrokhin documents, on December 25, 1981, the party ordered to “improve the intelligence activity against the subversion of the world’s Zionist centers.”
 Several months later, the heads of all arms of the KGB met in Leningrad for a conference on Zionism. The conference’s speeches stressed the “extensive subversive activity of the Zionist centers around the world and their infiltration into decision-making centers in different countries,” and claimed that “the Zionist organizations are affecting some countries’ foreign policy and aggravating conflicts around the world.” The conference further stressed that “there is not a single negative incident in socialist countries that Zionists are not involved in.”
 The Jews in the USSR, they argued, “are more inclined to betray the country, to wage a battle against the Soviet regime, to immigrate to a different country, to collect intelligence on the USSR and to hand it over to enemies.”
 Following the conference, in the summer of 1982, they issued a “work plan for fighting Zionism” until 1986. Vladimir Kryuchkov, who was appointed head of the KGB in 1988, also stressed that “Zionism is the main threat to the USSR and to the Soviet bloc.”
 The KGB’s work plans for the two following years were written in a similar manner. The KGB heads saw the Freemasonry movement as “part of the global Jewish conspiracy” as well, asserting that “the American industrial-military network is still dominated by Jews.”
 According to the Mitrokhin documents, protocols of the first meetings chaired by Mikhail Gorbachev as the USSR leader in 1985 suggest that anti-Semitism did not skip his generation either. When the KGB presented its work plan against human rights activist Andrei Sakharov and claimed that he was “one-hundred percent” influenced by his Jewish wife, Yelena Bonner, Gorbachev said, probably jokingly: “Well, that’s what Zionism does to a person.”
 Nevertheless, it was Gorbachev who released Sakharov from the house arrest he had been placed under, and later even opened the gates of the USSR for free Jewish emigration, which led to the arrival of about one million immigrants in Israel in the 1990s.
 Research and translation from Russian by Will Styles, Alexander Tabachnik, Yana Sofovich and Yael Sass.
 ***The writer would like to extend his gratitude and appreciation to Prof. Christopher Andrew and Dr. Peter Martland of Cambridge University.
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